FLASH EUROBAROMETRE 100 “INNOBAROMETER» INNOBAROMETER»

Results and comments APRIL - MAI 2001

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 1

PRESENTATION................................................................................................................................................ 3 Managers’ opinions can be summarised as follows: 1.

THE IMPORTANCE OF INNOVATION TO COMPANIES............................................................... 7 1.1. Share of turnover generated by innovations

2.

3.

4.

5

7

1.2. Share of investment channelled into innovation

11

1.3. Driving forces for innovation

15

1.4. The innovation performance of the company: self-evaluation

19

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATION....................................................................... 23 2.1. Ways to access advanced technologies

23

2.2. Is access to advanced technologies sufficient?

29

2.3. Where are advanced technologies most easily available?

31

2.4. The potential impact of easier access to advanced technologies

41

HUMAN RESOURCES AND INNOVATION ...................................................................................... 43 3.1. How can human resources contribute to innovation?

43

3.2. The problem of finding highly qualified staff

47

3.3. The potential impact of greater mobility of highly qualified staff

51

PROTECTING AND SHARING KNOWLEDGE................................................................................ 55 4.1. Best means of protecting knowledge acquired

55

4.2. The importance of exchanges and networking between companies

59

4.3. The potential impact of more opportunities for networking between innovators in the European Union 61 5.

6.

THE FINANCIAL SIDE OF INNOVATION........................................................................................ 63 5.1. Back-up from banks and investors for innovative efforts

63

5.2. Fiscal measures in favour of innovation

65

5.3. The potential impact of broader access to European funding

67

THE ROLE OF CUSTOMERS .............................................................................................................. 71 6.1.

7.

Customers as a driving force for innovation

71

6.2. Where are the most innovation-oriented customers to be found?

75

6.3. The potential impact of better access to customers more interested in innovation in the European Union

83

COMPANIES' PRINCIPAL NEEDS.................................................................................................... 87

Annexes............................................................................................................................................................... 91

2

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 3

PRESENTATION

"Innovation - experience and priorities of European managers": that was the subject of an opinion poll carried out by the European Commission in the 15 Member States of the European Union. The objective of the survey was to sound out managers' opinions on the role of European integration in facilitating the access to advanced technologies, the mobilisation of human resources, the protection and sharing of knowledge, access to funding for innovations, and customer acceptance of innovations. The survey had been foreseen by the Commission in its communication to the Council and to the European Parliament, “Innovation in a knowledge-based economy”, of September 2000. This featured, as one of the a number of measures designed to promote the objective of moving towards a society open to innovation, opinion polls on attitudes towards innovation. The methodology used in this survey, which had been carried out by the company EOS GALLUP EUROPE, was that of the FLASH surveys of the Directorate General Press and Communication (Unit B/1 "Opinion polls") A total of 3 004 managers at companies employing at least 20 people were interviewed by telephone between 23 April and 11 May 2001. The sample was selected according to three criteria: country, size of company and industrial sector. In the Member States with the most companies (Germany, Spain, France, Italy and the UK), 300 managers per country were interviewed. In those with the fewest companies (Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, Portugal and Finland) the figure was 100 each, and 200 managers were consulted in each of the remaining EU Member States. The person interviewed at each company was the general manager or the person responsible for intra-Community business. As it was a telephone survey, the term "innovation" was interpreted on the basis of the professional experience of the particular manager being interviewed. For each theme addressed, this report presents the results obtained in relation to: •

the European Union as a whole and each of its 15 Member States;

•

the various types of companies (in terms of workforce size):- "majors" (250 employees or more), - "small SMEs" (20 to 49 employees) and "large SMEs" (50 to 249 employees);

•

the company's sector of activity: "services", "distribution", "industry" (manufacturing companies), "construction";

•

the share of turnover accounted for by exports;

•

the age of the company.

The pages that follow give a summary of the managers’ responses and the full report, intended to set out the results of the survey as clearly as possible, using the available information as the basis for an in-depth analysis. The complete questionnaire, a description of the sample and a methodological note are attached as annexes.

4

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 5

Managers’ opinions can be summarised as follows: According to the managers' responses, innovation is widespread but developing slowly: during the last two years, two companies out of three have introduced new products or services, but for half of these innovative enterprises the share of new products amounts to less than 10% of their total turnover. Business leaders are aware of the important role played by innovation in their company: 90% say they are doing as well as or even better than their main competitors, as far as innovation performance is concerned. The need to explore new market opportunities and to maximise profitability and cost efficiency are the most important incentives to innovate. One manager out of three states that companies are forced to innovate to remain independent and simply to survive. European corporate executives underline in particular the key role of human resources for innovation: training and motivation of existing staff are needed. While enterprises in most European countries experience severe difficulties in hiring high-skilled staff, only in Southern European countries are business leaders optimistic about the impact of a greater mobility of staff at European level. To access hi-tech and new technologies, business leaders rely firstly on the purchase of new equipment, and then count on active collaboration with their customers and suppliers. The majority of managers interviewed for the survey agree that Germany is the most important supplier of technologies required by companies. Internal research and technological development and the acquisition of patents are considered by a minority of enterprises only to be the most important tools to satisfy technological needs. For business leaders, the competitive advantage of being the first to the market with new products and services ensures a far better protection of intellectual property rights and knowhow, than do legal tools and procedures. They are also keen on sharing their knowledge within partnerships and consortia with other innovative companies. Nevertheless, only in Southern Europe interest is expressed in strengthening trans-national cooperation at European level. In most EU countries executives consider fiscal incentives to innovate as unsatisfactory. On the contrary, three managers out of four are happy with funding opportunities offered by banks and investors in support of innovation. Customers have a favourable attitude to innovation: this is the opinion of eight out of ten business leaders. When asked in which country customers are most open to innovation, the vast majority named Germany. In conclusion, the sometimes diverging attitudes of European managers towards some key factors for innovation, reflect the different structures, market situations and national innovation systems in Member States. This diversity underlines the usefulness of a wider debate on a European approach to innovation, and the necessity to devise tools fine-tuned to the specific needs and situations. ***

6

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 1.1 Quel est le pourcentage approximatif de votre chiffre d'affaires réalisé par des produits, nouveaux ou renouvelés, mis sur le marché depuis moins de deux ans ? [SI ' NE SAIT PAS EXACTEMENT ', INSISTER POUR OBTENIR UNE APPROXIMATION] -------------------------------------1.1. Approximately what percentage of your turnover comes from new or renewed products, introduced since less than two years ? [IF 'DON'T KNOW EXACTLY', INSIST TO GET AN ESTIMATE] +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦MEDIANE %¦MOYENNE %¦0 % : ¦01 - 05 %¦06 - 10 %¦11 - 20 %¦21 - 50 %¦51 -100 %¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦ ¦ ¦rien ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦MEDIAN %¦AVERAGE %¦0 % : ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦nothing ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 10.0 ¦ 20.4 ¦ 33.3% ¦ 13.0% ¦ 11.3% ¦ 12.9% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 11.9% ¦ (2644) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 15.0 ¦ 28.0 ¦ 32.3% ¦ 7.3% ¦ 9.3% ¦ 13.3% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 22.3% ¦ (300) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 12.0 ¦ 27.2 ¦ 34.7% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 6.7% ¦ 13.3% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 20.0% ¦ (75) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 24.9 ¦ 35.1% ¦ 9.7% ¦ 8.9% ¦ 12.7% ¦ 15.1% ¦ 18.5% ¦ (259) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 13.0 ¦ 24.1 ¦ 29.6% ¦ 8.6% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 13.0% ¦ 24.7% ¦ 13.0% ¦ (162) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 10.0 ¦ 23.4 ¦ 36.9% ¦ 7.7% ¦ 6.2% ¦ 15.4% ¦ 20.0% ¦ 13.8% ¦ (65) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 20.6 ¦ 33.7% ¦ 11.2% ¦ 11.6% ¦ 13.2% ¦ 19.0% ¦ 11.2% ¦ (258) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 10.0 ¦ 19.7 ¦ 16.9% ¦ 29.2% ¦ 15.7% ¦ 15.7% ¦ 9.0% ¦ 13.5% ¦ (89) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 5.0 ¦ 18.7 ¦ 38.1% ¦ 15.6% ¦ 8.8% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 11.3% ¦ 12.5% ¦ (160) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 10.0 ¦ 18.1 ¦ 29.6% ¦ 16.9% ¦ 13.1% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 19.1% ¦ 7.9% ¦ (267) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 6.0 ¦ 16.6 ¦ 33.8% ¦ 15.2% ¦ 15.9% ¦ 9.3% ¦ 18.5% ¦ 7.3% ¦ (151) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 10.0 ¦ 16.5 ¦ 27.2% ¦ 20.0% ¦ 16.1% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 17.8% ¦ 6.1% ¦ (180) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 5.0 ¦ 15.5 ¦ 42.4% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 10.3% ¦ 11.4% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 7.4% ¦ (271) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 7.5 ¦ 15.3 ¦ 22.3% ¦ 26.6% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 20.2% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 4.3% ¦ (94) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 5.0 ¦ 14.1 ¦ 31.6% ¦ 22.8% ¦ 17.0% ¦ 10.5% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 7.0% ¦ (171) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 7.0 ¦ 12.3 ¦ 34.5% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 20.0% ¦ 16.4% ¦ 10.9% ¦ 3.6% ¦ (55) ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦MEDIANE %¦MOYENNE %¦0 % : ¦01 - 05 %¦06 - 10 %¦11 - 20 %¦21 - 50 %¦51 -100 %¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦ ¦ ¦rien ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦MEDIAN %¦AVERAGE %¦0 % : ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦nothing ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 23.6 ¦ 19.6% ¦ 21.0% ¦ 13.2% ¦ 14.7% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 13.9% ¦ (310) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 10.0 ¦ 20.0 ¦ 35.2% ¦ 12.0% ¦ 11.0% ¦ 12.7% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 11.6% ¦ (2334) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 8.0 ¦ 19.3 ¦ 34.5% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 12.1% ¦ 18.0% ¦ 11.4% ¦ (1023) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 10.0 ¦ 20.6 ¦ 35.7% ¦ 10.4% ¦ 11.8% ¦ 13.1% ¦ 17.2% ¦ 11.8% ¦ (1310) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 5.0 ¦ 16.7 ¦ 47.3% ¦ 8.9% ¦ 10.4% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 15.4% ¦ 9.8% ¦ (760) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 15.0 ¦ 25.9 ¦ 20.0% ¦ 16.2% ¦ 12.6% ¦ 15.5% ¦ 18.8% ¦ 16.9% ¦ (498) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 15.0 ¦ 23.4 ¦ 25.8% ¦ 12.6% ¦ 10.9% ¦ 16.9% ¦ 20.3% ¦ 13.6% ¦ (986) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 2.0 ¦ 13.0 ¦ 41.6% ¦ 19.7% ¦ 10.9% ¦ 9.3% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 5.1% ¦ (366) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 4.0 ¦ 15.4 ¦ 45.3% ¦ 12.4% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 8.4% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 8.3% ¦ (1244) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 22.2 ¦ 22.5% ¦ 15.2% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 18.2% ¦ 12.0% ¦ (585) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 15.0 ¦ 24.7 ¦ 25.5% ¦ 11.8% ¦ 10.8% ¦ 16.1% ¦ 20.6% ¦ 15.2% ¦ (504) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 20.0 ¦ 30.4 ¦ 18.4% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 9.6% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 26.4% ¦ 19.9% ¦ (270) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 7.0 ¦ 17.4 ¦ 33.0% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 12.7% ¦ 13.3% ¦ 15.5% ¦ 9.2% ¦ (1338) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 24.4 ¦ 32.6% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 11.3% ¦ 10.5% ¦ 21.9% ¦ 15.6% ¦ (471) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 23.5 ¦ 32.5% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 16.1% ¦ 17.2% ¦ 14.8% ¦ (442) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 19.9 ¦ 39.0% ¦ 9.4% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 10.5% ¦ 24.8% ¦ 9.3% ¦ (223) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 10.0 ¦ 27.5 ¦ 31.5% ¦ 7.9% ¦ 14.3% ¦ 11.9% ¦ 14.7% ¦ 19.8% ¦ (157) ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 7

1.

THE IMPORTANCE OF INNOVATION TO COMPANIES

1.1.

Share of turnover generated by innovations

*

Overall picture: In the European Union, new products or products renewed within the last two years account on average for approximately one fifth (20.4%) of companies' turnover. Two companies out of every three introduced new products and services over this period and almost 12% of companies can be considered highly innovative, with over half their turnover generated by new products. However, at all the companies surveyed, innovation takes time: the median of 1 10.0 shows that, at one company out of every two, innovations within the last two years generated less than 10% of turnover.

Q1.1 What percentage of your turnover comes from new or renewed products, introduced since less than two years ? 100%

75%

50%

25% 33.3% 13.0%

11.3%

12.9%

17.6%

11.9%

01 - 05 %

06 - 10 %

11 - 20 %

21 - 50 %

51 -100 %

0% 0%

UE 15

*

Breakdown by country: A country-by-country comparison of the share of companies' sales accounted for by innovations shows that this proportion differs considerably from one Member State to the next: One group of countries - Italy, Greece and Spain - stands out for the number of companies with a high share of turnover generated by innovations (over 50%). Other Member States, such as Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Ireland stand out for the opposite reason, with innovations mainly accounting for a small proportion of companies' turnover figures (1-5% + 6-10%). As regards companies whose ranges have seen no innovations over the last two years (column "0%: nothing"), the figures for most countries vary little from the overall rate for the EU of 33.3%, notable exceptions being Finland (16.9%) and the United Kingdom (42.4%). The same applies for the 11-20% and 21-50% categories.

1

1

See also Methodological note attached as an annex.

8

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 9 2

The median gives us an idea of the share of turnover generated by innovations at a "typical" company in each country. This figure permits a breakdown of countries into three categories, by reference to the overall EU result: -

countries where the share of innovations is typically higher than 10.0%: Italy, Denmark and Greece; countries where the share of innovations is typically less than 10.0%, particular the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Belgium and Sweden; countries where the share stands at the typical European level of 10.0% (all other Member States).

With slight variations, this also applies to a comparison of the average percentages of turnover generated by new products and services: Average percetage of turnover coming from new or renewed products

I GR SP DK P F

28.0% 27.2% 24.9% 24.1% 23.4% 20.6%

UE 15

20.4%

FIN B D SW ÖST UK IRL NL L

19.7% 18.7% 18.1% 16.6% 16.5% 15.5% 15.3% 14.1% 12.3% 0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.1A

These categorisations of countries are obviously no more than a reflection of managers' opinions. They do not provide an instrument for measuring whether a particular country is more or less "innovative" than the others. What they express is not the innovative capability of companies, but rather the dependence of their turnover on products which are new for those companies. The term "new product" can also be interpreted differently, either by stressing technological innovation or by taking into account broader aspects such as design etc.

*

Breakdown by company category: Here, the main variations are to be found on the export side: it is exporting companies which depend most on new products. The correlation between the share of exports and the share of new products on sales is positive with +0.1732. This correlation, which is not very high but is statistically significant, suggests that innovation and cross-border trade go hand in hand. There is also a statistical link between innovation-generated turnover and specific sectors of the economy: the production and distribution sectors renew their products more frequently than services and construction. By contrast, no correlation was found with company size or "age".

2

See also Methodological note attached as an annex.

10

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 1.2 Durant ces deux dernières années, quel a été le pourcentage approximatif de vos investissements consacré à l'innovation, que ce soit pour vos produits, vos procédés ou votre organisation ? [SI ' NE SAIT PAS EXACTEMENT ', INSISTER POUR OBTENIR UNE APPROXIMATION] -------------------------------------1.2. In the last two years, approximately what percentage of your investment was dedicated to innovation, either in your products, your processes or your organisation ? [IF 'DON'T KNOW EXACTLY', INSIST TO GET AN ESTIMATE] +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦MEDIANE %¦MOYENNE %¦0 % : ¦01 - 05 %¦06 - 10 %¦11 - 20 %¦21 - 50 %¦51 -100 %¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦ ¦ ¦rien ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦MEDIAN %¦AVERAGE %¦0 % : ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦nothing ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 10.0 ¦ 25.4 ¦ 13.2% ¦ 22.2% ¦ 15.6% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 18.6% ¦ 16.3% ¦ (2706) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 25.0 ¦ 35.9 ¦ 4.9% ¦ 16.0% ¦ 14.7% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 25.5% ¦ 25.5% ¦ (306) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 20.0 ¦ 33.4 ¦ 11.2% ¦ 17.5% ¦ 13.1% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 17.9% ¦ 26.5% ¦ (268) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 20.0 ¦ 32.2 ¦ 17.3% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 14.8% ¦ 22.2% ¦ 23.5% ¦ (81) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 17.5 ¦ 30.6 ¦ 10.0% ¦ 15.7% ¦ 21.4% ¦ 5.7% ¦ 25.7% ¦ 21.4% ¦ (70) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 10.0 ¦ 28.4 ¦ 22.0% ¦ 24.5% ¦ 5.7% ¦ 9.4% ¦ 18.2% ¦ 20.1% ¦ (159) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 26.0 ¦ 10.8% ¦ 27.7% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 5.4% ¦ 24.1% ¦ 15.7% ¦ (166) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 10.0 ¦ 26.0 ¦ 20.0% ¦ 20.4% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 14.6% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 17.7% ¦ (260) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 10.0 ¦ 23.5 ¦ 20.8% ¦ 19.7% ¦ 16.4% ¦ 9.3% ¦ 18.0% ¦ 15.8% ¦ (183) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 10.0 ¦ 23.1 ¦ 11.4% ¦ 34.1% ¦ 12.5% ¦ 12.5% ¦ 13.6% ¦ 15.9% ¦ (88) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 10.0 ¦ 21.5 ¦ 12.4% ¦ 22.8% ¦ 18.7% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 18.4% ¦ 11.2% ¦ (267) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 10.0 ¦ 21.0 ¦ 15.3% ¦ 24.7% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 15.9% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 12.9% ¦ (170) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 10.0 ¦ 20.4 ¦ 10.8% ¦ 28.4% ¦ 21.0% ¦ 10.2% ¦ 20.5% ¦ 9.1% ¦ (176) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 10.0 ¦ 19.8 ¦ 17.5% ¦ 19.0% ¦ 23.8% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 17.5% ¦ 11.1% ¦ (63) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 19.3 ¦ 15.2% ¦ 30.7% ¦ 17.0% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 11.7% ¦ 12.0% ¦ (283) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 5.0 ¦ 18.2 ¦ 16.7% ¦ 38.9% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 12.2% ¦ 11.1% ¦ (90) ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦MEDIANE %¦MOYENNE %¦0 % : ¦01 - 05 %¦06 - 10 %¦11 - 20 %¦21 - 50 %¦51 -100 %¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦ ¦ ¦rien ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦MEDIAN %¦AVERAGE %¦0 % : ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦nothing ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 11.0 ¦ 28.2 ¦ 5.3% ¦ 27.0% ¦ 17.7% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 17.2% ¦ 20.5% ¦ (309) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 10.0 ¦ 25.1 ¦ 14.3% ¦ 21.6% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 14.2% ¦ 18.8% ¦ 15.7% ¦ (2398) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 10.0 ¦ 25.2 ¦ 12.9% ¦ 21.8% ¦ 16.8% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 19.0% ¦ 16.0% ¦ (1029) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 10.0 ¦ 25.0 ¦ 15.3% ¦ 21.5% ¦ 14.2% ¦ 14.8% ¦ 18.7% ¦ 15.5% ¦ (1369) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 12.0 ¦ 25.5 ¦ 14.3% ¦ 19.1% ¦ 15.6% ¦ 17.2% ¦ 17.7% ¦ 16.1% ¦ (762) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 10.0 ¦ 21.7 ¦ 15.9% ¦ 27.8% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 9.9% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 13.1% ¦ (527) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 20.0 ¦ 29.9 ¦ 8.8% ¦ 20.7% ¦ 15.6% ¦ 12.7% ¦ 22.1% ¦ 20.1% ¦ (1002) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 10.0 ¦ 18.7 ¦ 18.5% ¦ 25.7% ¦ 17.4% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 10.4% ¦ 11.5% ¦ (382) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 20.6 ¦ 19.9% ¦ 23.6% ¦ 15.0% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 15.4% ¦ 11.8% ¦ (1270) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 15.0 ¦ 28.5 ¦ 8.5% ¦ 23.7% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 10.4% ¦ 21.0% ¦ 19.9% ¦ (596) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 20.0 ¦ 30.0 ¦ 6.5% ¦ 16.4% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 19.1% ¦ 21.2% ¦ 19.3% ¦ (524) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 20.0 ¦ 32.8 ¦ 4.2% ¦ 23.9% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 12.1% ¦ 25.1% ¦ 23.2% ¦ (276) ¦ +--------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 10.0 ¦ 24.4 ¦ 11.2% ¦ 24.2% ¦ 15.1% ¦ 15.5% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 14.6% ¦ (1365) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 25.6 ¦ 13.9% ¦ 22.9% ¦ 14.8% ¦ 12.5% ¦ 18.8% ¦ 16.9% ¦ (478) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 27.1 ¦ 16.4% ¦ 19.5% ¦ 16.9% ¦ 12.1% ¦ 14.7% ¦ 20.3% ¦ (471) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 10.0 ¦ 25.9 ¦ 12.7% ¦ 20.4% ¦ 19.1% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 15.9% ¦ (228) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 15.0 ¦ 27.4 ¦ 20.7% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 13.0% ¦ 11.2% ¦ 25.7% ¦ 16.6% ¦ (154) ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 11

1.2.

Share of investment channelled into innovation While the first question related to the results of innovative activities, i.e. products introduced onto the market, this question is concerned with resources devoted to innovation.

*

Overall picture: In the European Union as a whole, on average approximately one quarter of companies' investment is channelled into innovation (25.4%). Only one company in eight has invested nothing in innovation for the last two years (13.2% in the category "nothing"). However, the median of 10.0 shows that one company in two has not channelled more than 10% of investment into innovation over the last two years. A "typical" company in the European Union thus spends 10% of its investment on innovation.

Q1.2 Average percentage of investments devoted to innovation

I SP GR P DK SW UK

35.9% 33.4% 32.2% 30.6% 28.4% 26.0% 26.0%

UE 15

25.4% 23.5% 23.1% 21.5% 21.0% 20.4% 19.8% 19.3% 18.2%

NL FIN D B ÖST L F IRL 0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig 2

*

Breakdown by country: Four countries lead the field: Italy, Spain, Greece and Portugal, with medians well above that of the typical European company. These medians give us an idea of the share of investment channelled into innovation by a "typical company" in each country (see table). Taking the average as criteria (see graph above), Denmark can be added to the group of leaders. There is a noticeable match with the results of the previous question on the percentage of turnover generated by new products. The percentages for these five countries were also above average.

12

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 13

Of course, this does not necessarily mean that companies in these countries are more "innovative" than those in others (neither the amounts invested, in absolute figures, nor the success of this investment are known). What is clear, however, is that the company managers interviewed in these countries focus - more so than their counterparts in other countries - a significant proportion or their investment on innovation efforts.

*

Breakdown by company category: Exporting companies clearly channel a greater share of their investment into innovation, as can be seen from the table: both the median and mean values rise with the level of exports. This fits in exactly with the picture painted by responses to the preceeding question regarding new products. The industrial (manufacturing) sector stands out, with the proportion of investment devoted to innovation amounting typically to 20% (29.9% on average). This time, the services sector also posts a percentage slightly higher than that of other enterprises (see table). Company size, by contrast, would appear not to be a factor.

14

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 1.3 Quelles sont les deux motivations les plus importantes à vos efforts d'innovation, parmi les suivantes : ...... ? [LIRE - DEUX REPONSES ATTENDUES] -------------------------------------1.3. What are the two most important drivers of your innovation efforts, among the following : ... ? [READ OUT - TWO ANSWERS EXPECTED] +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Parts de ¦Sauvegarde¦Créer des ¦Suivre ¦Valeur des¦Suivre ¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦marché, ¦indépen- ¦emplois ¦réglement.¦actions, ¦autres ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦rentabilit¦dance ¦ ¦environn. ¦att.invest¦réglement.¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Market ¦Protecting¦Creating ¦Complying ¦Sharehold.¦Complying ¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦share & ¦Cy indepen¦jobs ¦environm. ¦value, att¦with other¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦profitab. ¦dence ¦ ¦regulation¦investors ¦regulation¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 80.3% ¦ 36.7% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 11.6% ¦ 9.5% ¦ 2.4% ¦ (2961) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 74.9% ¦ 26.2% ¦ 20.4% ¦ 21.5% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 7.3% ¦ 4.2% ¦ (191) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 85.3% ¦ 24.9% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 11.7% ¦ 5.6% ¦ 5.1% ¦ (197) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 80.3% ¦ 44.9% ¦ 24.8% ¦ 12.6% ¦ 11.2% ¦ 5.8% ¦ 1.4% ¦ (294) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 88.8% ¦ 31.6% ¦ 6.1% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 6.1% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 79.0% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 20.3% ¦ 20.0% ¦ 5.7% ¦ 9.0% ¦ 3.3% ¦ (300) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 83.1% ¦ 35.5% ¦ 19.6% ¦ 13.0% ¦ 7.0% ¦ 10.6% ¦ 2.3% ¦ (301) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 88.8% ¦ 29.6% ¦ 10.2% ¦ 11.2% ¦ 19.4% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 83.9% ¦ 32.8% ¦ 18.3% ¦ 27.3% ¦ 6.4% ¦ 14.5% ¦ .3% ¦ (311) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 62.6% ¦ 33.3% ¦ 28.3% ¦ 14.1% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 5.1% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 82.5% ¦ 35.0% ¦ 15.8% ¦ 27.9% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 4.9% ¦ (183) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 80.9% ¦ 56.8% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 16.1% ¦ 9.0% ¦ 7.5% ¦ 3.5% ¦ (199) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 79.2% ¦ 26.0% ¦ 19.8% ¦ 26.0% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 10.4% ¦ 4.2% ¦ (96) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 39.0% ¦ 37.0% ¦ 35.0% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 80.0% ¦ .0% ¦ .0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 74.1% ¦ 30.1% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 6.2% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 3.1% ¦ (193) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 77.8% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 19.5% ¦ 11.8% ¦ 23.6% ¦ 15.5% ¦ 5.7% ¦ (297) ¦ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Parts de ¦Sauvegarde¦Créer des ¦Suivre ¦Valeur des¦Suivre ¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦marché, ¦indépen- ¦emplois ¦réglement.¦actions, ¦autres ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦rentabilit¦dance ¦ ¦environn. ¦att.invest¦réglement.¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Market ¦Protecting¦Creating ¦Complying ¦Sharehold.¦Complying ¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦share & ¦Cy indepen¦jobs ¦environm. ¦value, att¦with other¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦profitab. ¦dence ¦ ¦regulation¦investors ¦regulation¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 86.1% ¦ 31.8% ¦ 17.2% ¦ 16.6% ¦ 21.4% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 1.8% ¦ (348) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 79.5% ¦ 37.4% ¦ 21.9% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 10.3% ¦ 9.7% ¦ 2.5% ¦ (2613) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 79.2% ¦ 34.7% ¦ 22.9% ¦ 15.9% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 9.9% ¦ 3.0% ¦ (1130) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 79.8% ¦ 39.4% ¦ 21.1% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 8.4% ¦ 9.6% ¦ 2.1% ¦ (1482) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 76.7% ¦ 35.3% ¦ 22.7% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 2.7% ¦ (854) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 85.5% ¦ 35.7% ¦ 18.0% ¦ 14.3% ¦ 10.5% ¦ 9.1% ¦ 3.4% ¦ (592) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 84.1% ¦ 40.0% ¦ 19.1% ¦ 17.0% ¦ 11.3% ¦ 7.3% ¦ 1.4% ¦ (1065) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 72.7% ¦ 34.2% ¦ 27.8% ¦ 22.5% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 9.0% ¦ 2.8% ¦ (418) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 77.2% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 24.3% ¦ 16.2% ¦ 8.8% ¦ 12.0% ¦ 2.8% ¦ (1389) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 81.4% ¦ 40.3% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 13.7% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 7.2% ¦ 2.7% ¦ (652) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 83.4% ¦ 37.2% ¦ 19.1% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 14.3% ¦ 8.6% ¦ 1.7% ¦ (560) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 87.1% ¦ 32.2% ¦ 17.1% ¦ 19.7% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 6.6% ¦ 1.4% ¦ (288) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 80.1% ¦ 38.9% ¦ 19.6% ¦ 17.9% ¦ 12.0% ¦ 9.2% ¦ 2.3% ¦ (1482) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 80.0% ¦ 36.2% ¦ 25.3% ¦ 17.7% ¦ 6.8% ¦ 11.0% ¦ 2.2% ¦ (526) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 81.4% ¦ 35.8% ¦ 22.0% ¦ 12.5% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 7.5% ¦ 4.2% ¦ (514) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 83.1% ¦ 33.6% ¦ 20.3% ¦ 12.7% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 11.1% ¦ .6% ¦ (258) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 74.7% ¦ 26.2% ¦ 25.3% ¦ 14.7% ¦ 19.0% ¦ 11.2% ¦ 1.3% ¦ (166) ¦ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 15

1.3.

Driving forces for innovation

*

Overall picture: The greatest driving force for innovation efforts is without doubt the desire to build up market shares and company profitability as cited by eight managers in ten (80.3%). The second major objective pursued is to preserve the independence of the company (36.7%). Vying for third place in this particular ranking in the various countries are the desire to create jobs (21.3%) and compliance with environmental standards (16.3%). Other driving forces, stemming from constraints imposed on the company from outside, e.g. statutory requirements in general or from the need to satisfy shareholders and investors, are considered less important.

Q1.3 What are the two most important drivers of your innovation efforts, among the following: ... ?

Market share & profitability

80.3

Protecting company independence

Creating jobs

36.7 21.3

Complying environm. regulations

16.3

Shareholder value

11.6

Complying with other regulations

9.5%

Other

2.4% 0%

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig 3

25

50

75

100

16

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 17

*

Breakdown by country: There was practically no difference in results across the various Member States as far as the first two objectives of innovation are concerned. As regards the third priority, managers in seven countries cited job creation. The same result emerged for environmental regulations, though no common factor is easily identifiable. Worthy of note is the importance attached to the demands of shareholders and investors by managers in four countries: the United Kingdom, Ireland, Sweden and, in particular, Finland. The Finnish result is so untypical of the EU as a whole, however, that it should perhaps be viewed in a somewhat sceptical light.

*

Breakdown by company category: At company level, the driving forces highlighted by the various categories likewise show little variation. Suffice it to note that the "majors" cite the need to create shareholder and investor value more frequently than the desire to create jobs.

18

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 1.4 En comparaison à vos principaux concurrents, comment qualifierez-vous les performances de votre entreprise en matière d'innovation ? Sont-elles :............ ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE] -------------------------------------1.4. How would you rate the innovation performance of your company as compared to your main competitors ? Is it : ............... ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Bien au- ¦Au-dessus ¦dans la ¦En-dessous¦Bien en- ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦dessus de ¦de la ¦moyenne, ¦de la ¦dessous de¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦la moyenne¦moyenne ¦dépend ¦moyenne ¦la moyenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Far above ¦Above ¦in between¦Below ¦Far below ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦average ¦average ¦it depends¦average ¦average ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 65 ¦ 13.8% ¦ 45.1% ¦ 31.1% ¦ 8.9% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (2920) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 76 ¦ 27.4% ¦ 54.3% ¦ 14.7% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 2.5% ¦ (197) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 75 ¦ 27.1% ¦ 54.5% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 5.5% ¦ .7% ¦ (292) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 71 ¦ 15.5% ¦ 55.7% ¦ 26.8% ¦ 2.1% ¦ .0% ¦ (194) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 70 ¦ 17.0% ¦ 58.5% ¦ 14.9% ¦ 8.5% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (94) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 70 ¦ 27.4% ¦ 36.8% ¦ 27.4% ¦ 6.3% ¦ 2.1% ¦ (95) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 66 ¦ 12.7% ¦ 48.1% ¦ 30.4% ¦ 6.6% ¦ 2.2% ¦ (181) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 65 ¦ 10.3% ¦ 48.4% ¦ 33.2% ¦ 7.7% ¦ .3% ¦ (310) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 65 ¦ 13.3% ¦ 42.9% ¦ 35.7% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 65 ¦ 14.3% ¦ 42.9% ¦ 32.7% ¦ 9.2% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 65 ¦ 10.8% ¦ 46.9% ¦ 33.5% ¦ 7.7% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (194) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 64 ¦ 13.4% ¦ 46.2% ¦ 27.4% ¦ 9.7% ¦ 3.2% ¦ (186) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 64 ¦ 15.3% ¦ 29.6% ¦ 50.0% ¦ 5.1% ¦ .0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 63 ¦ 10.8% ¦ 40.7% ¦ 38.6% ¦ 8.8% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (295) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 63 ¦ 11.0% ¦ 42.8% ¦ 33.9% ¦ 10.6% ¦ 1.8% ¦ (283) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 62 ¦ 10.2% ¦ 48.1% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 15.8% ¦ 1.4% ¦ (285) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Bien au- ¦Au-dessus ¦dans la ¦En-dessous¦Bien en- ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦dessus de ¦de la ¦moyenne, ¦de la ¦dessous de¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦la moyenne¦moyenne ¦dépend ¦moyenne ¦la moyenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Far above ¦Above ¦in between¦Below ¦Far below ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦average ¦average ¦it depends¦average ¦average ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 70 ¦ 16.3% ¦ 52.5% ¦ 26.0% ¦ 4.9% ¦ .3% ¦ (345) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 65 ¦ 13.5% ¦ 44.1% ¦ 31.7% ¦ 9.4% ¦ 1.2% ¦ (2574) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 66 ¦ 15.8% ¦ 43.2% ¦ 30.8% ¦ 9.1% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (1111) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 64 ¦ 11.8% ¦ 44.8% ¦ 32.4% ¦ 9.7% ¦ 1.3% ¦ (1464) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 67 ¦ 15.4% ¦ 49.6% ¦ 25.9% ¦ 7.5% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (849) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 66 ¦ 13.9% ¦ 46.7% ¦ 31.1% ¦ 6.6% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (571) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 65 ¦ 13.1% ¦ 43.6% ¦ 32.4% ¦ 10.4% ¦ .5% ¦ (1059) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 62 ¦ 11.8% ¦ 38.1% ¦ 37.4% ¦ 11.8% ¦ .9% ¦ (408) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 65 ¦ 11.3% ¦ 47.0% ¦ 32.5% ¦ 8.4% ¦ .8% ¦ (1374) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 63 ¦ 14.9% ¦ 36.9% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 10.2% ¦ 2.6% ¦ (641) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 67 ¦ 16.4% ¦ 46.8% ¦ 26.2% ¦ 9.8% ¦ .8% ¦ (554) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 70 ¦ 18.9% ¦ 49.7% ¦ 23.6% ¦ 7.5% ¦ .3% ¦ (280) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 64 ¦ 12.2% ¦ 43.5% ¦ 33.7% ¦ 9.3% ¦ 1.3% ¦ (1466) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 66 ¦ 12.0% ¦ 50.3% ¦ 27.8% ¦ 8.9% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (528) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 68 ¦ 17.0% ¦ 46.5% ¦ 29.1% ¦ 6.7% ¦ .8% ¦ (497) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 67 ¦ 16.1% ¦ 49.5% ¦ 23.1% ¦ 9.7% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (254) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 67 ¦ 21.7% ¦ 33.9% ¦ 33.9% ¦ 10.3% ¦ .2% ¦ (160) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 19

1.4.

The innovation performance of the company: self-evaluation

*

Overall picture: 3

On the whole, the managers surveyed were fairly upbeat about the innovation performance of their companies compared with their competitors. On average, this performance was considered to be "above average" by 45.1% of responses and an index of 65 points. Only one manager in ten reckons their company's performance is "below" or far below the average of its main competitors. Company managers thus feel comfortable with the subject of innovation efforts and are generally satisfied with their own track records, at least as regards market position.

Q1.4 The innovation performance of the company: self-evaluation SW

76

UK

75

DK

71

L

70

GR

70

B

66

UE 15

65

I

65

IRL

65

FIN

65

ÖST

65

NL

64

P

64

D

63

SP

63

F

62 0

Average25 index:

0= far below average, 50 100= far above average 75

100

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.3A

3 The « average index » of opinions expressed is calculated by transforming the attidude-scale into numerical values as follows : +100and +75 for the «favourable » opinions, +25 and 0 for the « unfavourable» opinions and +50 for « in between ».

20

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 21

*

Breakdown by company category: Every country expressed virtually the same level of satisfaction. The only two countries to stand out from the rest are even more upbeat: Sweden and the United Kingdom post indices of 76 and 75 points respectively. Among the rest, there is not a single country with significantly greater reservations than in the European Union as a whole: nowhere is the average index lower than 62 points, just three points below the EU average This categorisation of countries according to self-evaluation differs markedly from the previous classifications, which were based on the introduction of new products amongst sales (subsection 1.1) and on investment efforts (subsection 1.2). Pronounced differences in the international comparison would appear not to conflict with a favourable self-assessment in comparison with direct competitors.

*

Breakdown by company category: The breakdown by company category does not produce any findings worthy of particular note.

22

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 2.1 Dans le cas de votre entreprise, quels sont les deux moyens les plus importants pour accéder aux technologies de pointe, parmi les suivants : .......... ? [LIRE - DEUX REPONSES ATTENDUES] -------------------------------------2.1. In the case of your company, what are the two most important ways to access advanced technologies, among the following: ... ? [READ OUT -TWO ANSWERS EXPECTED] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Achat équi¦Collaborer¦Recherche ¦Collaborer¦Achat de ¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦pements de¦fourniss. ¦et Dével. ¦universit.¦licences ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pointe ¦& clients ¦interne ¦& spéc.R&D¦Intellect.¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Acquire ¦Cooperate ¦Conduct ¦Cooperate ¦property ¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦advanced ¦w.supplier¦in-house ¦w.Univers.¦licensing ¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦equipment ¦/customer ¦R&D ¦/R&D spec.¦ ¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 61.0% ¦ 50.9% ¦ 30.3% ¦ 10.6% ¦ 11.7% ¦ 4.0% ¦ (2927) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 49.7% ¦ 51.4% ¦ 28.2% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 8.3% ¦ 2.2% ¦ (181) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 52.6% ¦ 63.3% ¦ 18.4% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 3.6% ¦ (196) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 65.4% ¦ 51.7% ¦ 25.7% ¦ 11.6% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 3.4% ¦ (292) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 69.1% ¦ 38.1% ¦ 25.8% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (97) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 71.9% ¦ 34.8% ¦ 22.7% ¦ 8.7% ¦ 7.4% ¦ 2.7% ¦ (299) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 54.0% ¦ 51.3% ¦ 29.9% ¦ 5.4% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 3.7% ¦ (298) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 39.2% ¦ 64.9% ¦ 27.8% ¦ 7.2% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 2.1% ¦ (97) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 64.6% ¦ 46.0% ¦ 44.7% ¦ 11.9% ¦ 7.7% ¦ 1.3% ¦ (311) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 53.5% ¦ 59.6% ¦ 23.2% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 56.4% ¦ 66.9% ¦ 28.5% ¦ 16.9% ¦ 18.6% ¦ 2.3% ¦ (172) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 59.7% ¦ 66.5% ¦ 27.2% ¦ 16.2% ¦ 9.4% ¦ 2.1% ¦ (191) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 72.7% ¦ 55.6% ¦ 14.1% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 6.1% ¦ 5.1% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 51.0% ¦ 57.0% ¦ 52.0% ¦ 17.0% ¦ 4.0% ¦ .0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 25.4% ¦ 66.1% ¦ 25.9% ¦ 19.6% ¦ 6.9% ¦ .5% ¦ (189) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 50.5% ¦ 51.6% ¦ 38.1% ¦ 11.4% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 12.1% ¦ (289) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Achat équi¦Collaborer¦Recherche ¦Collaborer¦Achat de ¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦pements de¦fourniss. ¦et Dével. ¦universit.¦licences ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pointe ¦& clients ¦interne ¦& spéc.R&D¦Intellect.¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Acquire ¦Cooperate ¦Conduct ¦Cooperate ¦property ¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦advanced ¦w.supplier¦in-house ¦w.Univers.¦licensing ¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦equipment ¦/customer ¦R&D ¦/R&D spec.¦ ¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 56.5% ¦ 45.6% ¦ 41.5% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 13.9% ¦ 3.0% ¦ (346) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 61.6% ¦ 51.7% ¦ 28.8% ¦ 9.9% ¦ 11.4% ¦ 4.1% ¦ (2581) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 59.9% ¦ 49.8% ¦ 30.3% ¦ 10.5% ¦ 14.8% ¦ 3.8% ¦ (1122) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 62.9% ¦ 53.1% ¦ 27.6% ¦ 9.5% ¦ 8.7% ¦ 4.4% ¦ (1459) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 61.0% ¦ 48.8% ¦ 26.0% ¦ 10.4% ¦ 15.0% ¦ 5.4% ¦ (831) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 53.5% ¦ 59.1% ¦ 19.9% ¦ 4.2% ¦ 14.2% ¦ 6.8% ¦ (578) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 62.0% ¦ 47.0% ¦ 42.5% ¦ 14.6% ¦ 9.1% ¦ 2.1% ¦ (1075) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 68.2% ¦ 56.5% ¦ 21.6% ¦ 8.5% ¦ 8.4% ¦ 2.7% ¦ (411) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 65.6% ¦ 54.4% ¦ 19.0% ¦ 6.7% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 5.6% ¦ (1360) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 62.1% ¦ 49.6% ¦ 32.6% ¦ 10.7% ¦ 11.9% ¦ 3.7% ¦ (647) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 57.4% ¦ 46.1% ¦ 44.3% ¦ 14.1% ¦ 13.2% ¦ 2.3% ¦ (560) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 45.5% ¦ 42.6% ¦ 53.8% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 1.3% ¦ (289) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 62.2% ¦ 52.2% ¦ 29.8% ¦ 10.9% ¦ 10.8% ¦ 4.2% ¦ (1470) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 62.2% ¦ 47.8% ¦ 32.4% ¦ 10.9% ¦ 11.0% ¦ 3.0% ¦ (519) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 58.9% ¦ 48.9% ¦ 29.6% ¦ 8.6% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 4.4% ¦ (507) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 58.5% ¦ 46.3% ¦ 30.3% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 4.6% ¦ (251) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 55.8% ¦ 61.2% ¦ 31.1% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 10.7% ¦ 4.0% ¦ (164) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 23

2.

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATION

2.1.

Ways to access advanced technologies

*

Overall picture: For most companies (61.0%), equipment acquisition is the most important way to access advanced technology, with cooperation with suppliers and customers coming second (50.9%). In-house research and development (30.3%) or R&D in cooperation with specialists such as universities (10.6%) and intellectual property licensing (11.7%) come next, although in these latter three cases there are strong variations from one country to another, probably reflecting differences in the structure of the national systems for research and technology transfer. On the purchasing side, there is a notable preference for equipment over intangible goods (licences), with the ratio standing at more than 5 to 1 (61.0% against 11.7%).

Q2.1 In the case of your company, what are the two most important ways to access advanced technologies, among the following: .. ? A c q u ir e a d v a n c e d e q u ipm e n t

6 1 .0 %

C o o p e r a t e w ith s u p p lie r s / c u s t o m e r s

50.9%

Conduct in-house R & D

30.3%

IPR licensing

1 1 .7 %

C o o p e r a t e w ith U n i v e r s . / R & D s p e c ialists

1 0 .6 % 4.0%

O thers

0%

25%

50%

75%

100

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.4

*

Breakdown by country: Despite a fairly homogenous overall picture, there are nevertheless some differences in the approach taken by the various Member States of the European Union: Managers in all Member States stress the key role which equipment acquisition and cooperation with suppliers and customers play in gaining access to advanced technologies. Germany, Greece, Spain, Italy and Portugal rate equipment acquisition as the most important factor, while Denmark, Ireland, the Netherlands and Sweden put cooperation with suppliers and customers first.

24

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 25

In-house R&D was selected in Italy and the United Kingdom in a noteworthy 44.7% of cases, and above all in Finland, where 52.0% of managers cited in-house R&D as one of the most important ways of gaining access to advanced technologies, putting it practically on a par with equipment acquisition and cooperation with suppliers and customers. As recourse to universities and R&D specialists was also cited frequently, Finland comes through as the country that attaches the most importance to R&D as a way to access advanced technologies. As regards technology transfer by way of contract research (cooperation with universities and R&D specialists) or licences, there are major differences from one country to the next, reflecting thus the diversity of structures in the various Member States. Purchases of licences and of intellectual property are cited with particular frequency in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Ireland and Germany. Contract R&D and licences: two ways to access advanced technologies

NL

35,5% 29,0%

SW

26,5% 25,6%

D

25,0%

UE 15

22,3%

B

22,1% 20,6%

IT

19,6% 17,4% 17,0%

FIN

16,5%

SP

16,1% 15,2%

P

14,2% 11,3%

0%

25%

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.4A

50%

75%

100%

26

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 27

*

Breakdown by company category: The breakdown by company category shows up some interesting differences when it comes to R&D carried out in-house and in cooperation with universities and specialists. Generally speaking, R&D is an important means of access to advanced technologies for: -

large companies (majors), industry, and above all, exporting companies.

There is thus a well proven link between "proportion of exports" and the importance of R&D (in-house or outsourced).

28

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 2.2 Pensez-vous que l'accès de votre entreprise aux technologies les plus pointues soit actuellement : [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------2.2. Do you feel that the access of your company to the most advanced technologies is currently : ... ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦De loin ¦Suffisant ¦entre les ¦Insuffis. ¦De loin ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦suffisant ¦ ¦deux, cela¦ ¦insuffis. ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦By far ¦Sufficient¦in between¦Insuffic. ¦By far ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦sufficient¦ ¦it depends¦ ¦insuffic. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 69 ¦ 12.3% ¦ 69.1% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 1.2% ¦ (2965) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 74 ¦ 15.5% ¦ 75.1% ¦ 1.3% ¦ 8.1% ¦ .0% ¦ (297) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 74 ¦ 22.6% ¦ 59.0% ¦ 10.8% ¦ 7.7% ¦ .0% ¦ (195) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 73 ¦ 21.2% ¦ 68.7% ¦ .0% ¦ .5% ¦ 9.6% ¦ (198) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 73 ¦ 22.0% ¦ 61.8% ¦ 3.2% ¦ 11.3% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (186) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 72 ¦ 17.7% ¦ 66.6% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 12.5% ¦ .6% ¦ (311) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 69 ¦ 15.0% ¦ 63.0% ¦ 6.0% ¦ 16.0% ¦ .0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 68 ¦ 11.2% ¦ 65.3% ¦ 10.2% ¦ 12.2% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 68 ¦ 6.8% ¦ 74.0% ¦ 5.2% ¦ 14.1% ¦ .0% ¦ (192) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 68 ¦ 9.1% ¦ 67.7% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 15.2% ¦ .0% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 67 ¦ 12.8% ¦ 64.0% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 18.5% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (297) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 66 ¦ 7.0% ¦ 70.0% ¦ 5.0% ¦ 16.0% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 65 ¦ 4.9% ¦ 72.5% ¦ 3.8% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 2.2% ¦ (182) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 63 ¦ 7.1% ¦ 63.3% ¦ 5.4% ¦ 24.2% ¦ .0% ¦ (297) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 61 ¦ 2.0% ¦ 56.6% ¦ 24.2% ¦ 16.2% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 60 ¦ 1.7% ¦ 67.9% ¦ 1.4% ¦ 25.3% ¦ 3.7% ¦ (296) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦De loin ¦Suffisant ¦entre les ¦Insuffis. ¦De loin ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦suffisant ¦ ¦deux, cela¦ ¦insuffis. ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦By far ¦Sufficient¦in between¦Insuffic. ¦By far ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦sufficient¦ ¦it depends¦ ¦insuffic. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 73 ¦ 13.9% ¦ 74.7% ¦ 2.5% ¦ 8.9% ¦ .0% ¦ (348) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 69 ¦ 12.0% ¦ 68.3% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 15.2% ¦ 1.4% ¦ (2617) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 69 ¦ 13.0% ¦ 67.4% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 15.4% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (1130) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 68 ¦ 11.3% ¦ 69.0% ¦ 3.2% ¦ 15.0% ¦ 1.5% ¦ (1487) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 69 ¦ 12.9% ¦ 68.0% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 14.8% ¦ 1.7% ¦ (860) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 70 ¦ 13.1% ¦ 70.7% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 1.2% ¦ (587) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 68 ¦ 11.1% ¦ 69.1% ¦ 3.3% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (1071) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 70 ¦ 13.2% ¦ 68.1% ¦ 4.2% ¦ 14.1% ¦ .3% ¦ (412) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 69 ¦ 11.2% ¦ 71.2% ¦ 2.9% ¦ 13.6% ¦ 1.2% ¦ (1401) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 70 ¦ 15.3% ¦ 66.4% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (646) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 67 ¦ 10.7% ¦ 67.4% ¦ 3.2% ¦ 16.9% ¦ 1.9% ¦ (563) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 70 ¦ 13.6% ¦ 68.1% ¦ 4.1% ¦ 13.8% ¦ .4% ¦ (289) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 69 ¦ 12.4% ¦ 68.8% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 15.7% ¦ .9% ¦ (1480) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 71 ¦ 15.0% ¦ 67.6% ¦ 3.9% ¦ 12.0% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (529) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 69 ¦ 12.1% ¦ 70.1% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 1.4% ¦ (512) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 67 ¦ 7.9% ¦ 69.2% ¦ 6.9% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (260) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 69 ¦ 10.7% ¦ 70.8% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 1.8% ¦ (170) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 29

2.2.

Is access to advanced technologies sufficient?

*

Overall picture: Overall, more than eight European managers in ten are satisfied with the access they have to the most advanced technologies. In no country did managers express pronounced dissatisfaction with such access. Attitude indices range from 60 to 74 points, which represents a narrow variation range and bears witness to a fairly broad consensus at European Union level.

*

Breakdown by country: Problems nevertheless exist, if only for a minority of companies. Satisfaction is lowest in France, Portugal and Spain. It was in Portugal that the largest share (41.4%) of dissatisfied managers was to be found, with 24.2% giving a "neutral" and 17.2% a negative response. Particular striking is the similarity between these results and those of the previous question concerning ways to access advanced technologies - it was above all the managers from these countries who highlighted the difficulties faced in accessing outside skills by way of R&D contracts and licences.

Q2.2

Is access to advanced technologies sufficient?

DK D NL SW I FIN

74 74 73 73 72 69

UE 15

69

IRL ÖST GR UK L B SP P F

68 68 68 67 66 65 63 61 60

0

25 Index:

50 0 = by far insuffisant

75

100

100 = by far suffisant

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.5

*

Breakdown by company category: The breakdown by company category does not produce any findings worthy of particular note. While managers of large companies express a slightly higher degree of satisfaction with their access to advanced technologies than managers of SMEs, the gap is a very narrow one; a wider gap might have been expected in this particular area.

30

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 31

2.3.

Where are advanced technologies most easily available?

This question was aimed at identifying the "mental associations" which managers make between access to advanced technologies and geographical locations. In particular, the intention was to find out how respondents saw their technological position within the European Union, on the one hand, and in relation to other major blocs, on the other. These results are therefore presented according to the following breakdown: 1. In the first section, the position between the European Union, the United States and other countries is analysed. 2. On the basis of individual countries' responses, the situation within the European Union is analysed: "my own country" compared with "the other Member States of the European Union". 3. To this we add a further two response categories: those who are of the opinion that access is at the same level everywhere and there are therefore no differences, and those who do not know where such access could be better than in their own country. This regrouped and complete table is presented at the end. We have thus exceptionally included therein persons who do not know where such access could be better than in their own country, as we felt that this "uncertainty rate" was an important item of information.

32

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY TABLEAU 2.3.1 2.3. Dans quels pays les technologies de pointe dont vous auriez besoin, sont-elles plus accessibles qu'ici en [NOTRE PAYS] ? [NE PAS LIRE - PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES] ### SYNTHESE EN CATEGORIES DE PAYS ### -------------------------------------2.3. In which countries are the advanced technologies you may need better available than here in [OUR COUNTRY] ? [DON'T READ OUT - SEVERAL ANSWERS POSSIBLE] ### SYNTHESIS : ANSWERS GROUPED IN MAIN CATEGORIES ### ### LES « NE SAIT PAS / SANS REPONSE » EXCLUS DE LA BASE % ### « DO NOT KNOW / NO ANSWER » ARE NOT INCLUDED IN BASE % +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Dans son ¦Autre pays¦Total ¦Etats-Unis¦Autres ¦Le même ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦propre ¦de l'Union¦Union ¦ ¦pays ¦partout ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pays ¦Européenne¦Européenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦In own ¦Elsewhere ¦Total ¦United ¦Other ¦The same ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦country ¦in the ¦European ¦States ¦countries ¦everywhere¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Eur.Union ¦Union ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 27.0% ¦ 40.8% ¦ 67.6% ¦ 28.0% ¦ 12.7% ¦ 10.6% ¦ (2202) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 4.0% ¦ 66.7% ¦ 70.7% ¦ 24.2% ¦ 14.1% ¦ 9.1% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 22.3% ¦ 36.4% ¦ 58.7% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 7.4% ¦ 28.1% ¦ (121) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 32.8% ¦ 31.8% ¦ 64.6% ¦ 27.3% ¦ 12.1% ¦ 12.6% ¦ (198) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 4.8% ¦ 76.2% ¦ 81.0% ¦ 21.4% ¦ 16.7% ¦ 1.2% ¦ (84) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 12.1% ¦ 61.5% ¦ 73.6% ¦ 26.8% ¦ 10.9% ¦ 10.9% ¦ (239) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 22.5% ¦ 42.0% ¦ 63.2% ¦ 30.7% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 12.1% ¦ (231) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 10.3% ¦ 70.5% ¦ 80.8% ¦ 26.9% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 2.6% ¦ (78) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 30.4% ¦ 38.1% ¦ 68.5% ¦ 22.1% ¦ 9.0% ¦ 13.5% ¦ (289) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 15.8% ¦ 64.5% ¦ 80.3% ¦ 19.7% ¦ 5.3% ¦ 2.6% ¦ (76) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 36.1% ¦ 37.7% ¦ 73.8% ¦ 27.9% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 4.9% ¦ (122) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 26.8% ¦ 43.8% ¦ 70.6% ¦ 13.1% ¦ 9.2% ¦ 18.3% ¦ (153) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 5.7% ¦ 81.6% ¦ 87.4% ¦ 16.1% ¦ 9.2% ¦ 5.7% ¦ (87) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 40.7% ¦ 39.5% ¦ 80.2% ¦ 14.8% ¦ 8.6% ¦ 9.9% ¦ (81) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 51.6% ¦ 13.7% ¦ 65.4% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 5.9% ¦ 22.9% ¦ (153) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 28.7% ¦ 33.2% ¦ 61.9% ¦ 47.0% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 1.5% ¦ (202) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Dans son ¦Autre pays¦Total ¦Etats-Unis¦Autres ¦Le même ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦propre ¦de l'Union¦Union ¦ ¦pays ¦partout ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pays ¦Européenne¦Européenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦In own ¦Elsewhere ¦Total ¦United ¦Other ¦The same ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦country ¦in the ¦European ¦States ¦countries ¦everywhere¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Eur.Union ¦Union ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 22.5% ¦ 39.1% ¦ 61.0% ¦ 38.9% ¦ 15.4% ¦ 10.9% ¦ (281) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 27.7% ¦ 41.0% ¦ 68.6% ¦ 26.4% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 10.6% ¦ (1921) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 29.1% ¦ 39.0% ¦ 68.1% ¦ 26.4% ¦ 12.2% ¦ 10.1% ¦ (856) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 26.5% ¦ 42.6% ¦ 68.9% ¦ 26.4% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 11.0% ¦ (1064) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 27.0% ¦ 30.8% ¦ 57.6% ¦ 38.7% ¦ 12.6% ¦ 10.4% ¦ (604) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 29.3% ¦ 36.9% ¦ 65.9% ¦ 28.1% ¦ 13.9% ¦ 10.9% ¦ (409) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 24.4% ¦ 47.9% ¦ 72.3% ¦ 22.8% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 11.6% ¦ (891) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 32.3% ¦ 43.9% ¦ 75.8% ¦ 20.6% ¦ 5.6% ¦ 8.3% ¦ (271) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 30.9% ¦ 39.3% ¦ 70.1% ¦ 27.4% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 8.9% ¦ (964) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 22.0% ¦ 44.6% ¦ 66.6% ¦ 27.3% ¦ 14.3% ¦ 13.7% ¦ (473) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 26.3% ¦ 38.4% ¦ 64.3% ¦ 30.9% ¦ 14.1% ¦ 10.4% ¦ (473) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 22.3% ¦ 42.2% ¦ 63.9% ¦ 28.8% ¦ 14.6% ¦ 11.6% ¦ (241) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 31.3% ¦ 39.0% ¦ 70.2% ¦ 24.1% ¦ 12.2% ¦ 10.8% ¦ (1110) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 23.6% ¦ 44.7% ¦ 67.9% ¦ 26.6% ¦ 13.6% ¦ 10.9% ¦ (394) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 21.1% ¦ 43.5% ¦ 64.5% ¦ 33.3% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 10.7% ¦ (375) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 24.8% ¦ 36.6% ¦ 60.8% ¦ 33.3% ¦ 15.2% ¦ 11.0% ¦ (193) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 17.7% ¦ 44.8% ¦ 62.6% ¦ 43.8% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 8.0% ¦ (120) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 33

2.3.1.

Responses categorised by geographic blocs. (Basis: actual responses, Table 2.3.1)

*

Overall picture: This table shows attitudes towards geographic blocs in their true perspective: for access to advanced technologies, 67.6% of European managers would look no further than the European Union, while 28.0% would consider the United States and 12.7% other countries (with Japan accounting for 5.1% and Far-Eastern countries a good part of the rest). The high number of managers who see no reason to look beyond the borders of their own country is worthy of note: almost three out of every ten on average, but with major variations from one country to the next. This is an interesting outcome, because the question was formulated in such a way as to explicitly invite the respondent to consider looking elsewhere (... better than here...), i.e. beyond national borders.

*

Breakdown by country: The European Union is the geographic zone designated by an absolute majority of managers in all the Member States, with the proportion ranging from 58.7% in Denmark to 87.4% in Portugal. Let us consider the individual countries' views on ease of access to advanced technologies in the rest of the European Union compared with the United States and other non-EU countries. In the United Kingdom, Germany, France, the Netherlands and Sweden, access to advanced technologies was felt to be easier in non-EU countries than in the rest of the Community. Thus, 47.0% of the managers surveyed in the United Kingdom saw the United States as the gateway to advanced technologies, a higher percentage than in the other 14 Member States as a whole (32%). Within the European Union, the ratio between those who feel ease of access is nowhere better than in their own country and those who look to another Member State varies widely:

-

-

It is in Sweden - by a clear margin - that the highest number of managers see no reason to look to any other country: 51.6% (an absolute majority!) against 13.7% who would turn to another Member State of the European Union. At the other end of the scale, the countries where managers are most inclined to look for access in another EU Member State - and least inclined to look in their own country - are Belgium, Greece, Portugal and Ireland.

These trends are analysed in greater detail in the next section dealing with intraCommunity structures.

34

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 35

*

Breakdown by company category: Overall, the European Union is considered to be the geographic zone that offers the best access to advanced technologies for all categories of companies (see opposite). Attitudes differ only to a very minor extent. Only larger companies, companies in the services sector and those which started up over the past five years tend to look more to America.

36

TABLEAU 2.3.2 2.3. Dans quels pays les technologies de pointe dont vous auriez besoin, sont-elles plus accessibles qu'ici en [NOTRE PAYS] ? ### DETAILS DES PAYS DE L'UNION EUROPEENNE (« NOTRE PAYS » REAFFECTES) ### -------------------------------------2.3. In which countries are the advanced technologies you may need better available than here in [OUR COUNTRY] ? ### DETAILS FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION (« OUR COUNTRY » REAFFECTED) ### ### BASE % = ONT CITE AU MOINS UN PAYS UNION EUROPEENNE ### BASE % = MENTIONED AT LEAST ONE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRY +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Belgi¦Dane ¦Alle ¦Grèce¦Espa ¦Fin ¦Fran ¦Irlan¦Ita ¦Luxem¦Pays-¦Autri¦Portu¦Suède¦Roy. ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦que ¦mark ¦magne¦ ¦gne ¦lande¦ce ¦de ¦lie ¦bourg¦Bas ¦che ¦gal ¦ ¦Uni ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Bel ¦Den ¦Ger ¦Gree ¦Spain¦Fin ¦Fran ¦Ire ¦Italy¦Luxem¦Nethe¦Aus ¦Portu¦Swe ¦U.K. ¦ ¦ ¦gium ¦mark ¦many ¦ce ¦ ¦land ¦ce ¦land ¦ ¦burg ¦rland¦tria ¦gal ¦den ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 50% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 3% ¦ 15% ¦ 0% ¦ 18% ¦ 1% ¦ 6% ¦ 2% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 15% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 13% ¦ 1% ¦ 40% ¦ 1% ¦ 9% ¦ 1% ¦ 17% ¦ 0% ¦ 14% ¦ 0% ¦ 20% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 9% ¦ 10% ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 6% ¦ 38% ¦ 44% ¦ 0% ¦ 1% ¦ 6% ¦ 4% ¦ 1% ¦ 10% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 1% ¦ 1% ¦ 11% ¦ 10% ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 68% ¦ 0% ¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 0% ¦ 9% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 2% ¦ 1% ¦ 4% ¦ 9% ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 60% ¦ 6% ¦ 4% ¦ 1% ¦ 25% ¦ 0% ¦ 46% ¦ 0% ¦ 9% ¦ 1% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 18% ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 1% ¦ 2% ¦ 64% ¦ 1% ¦ 16% ¦ 1% ¦ 16% ¦ 1% ¦ 22% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 1% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 11% ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 20% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 69% ¦ 3% ¦ 0% ¦ 2% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 2% ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 37% ¦ 1% ¦ 3% ¦ 4% ¦ 36% ¦ 1% ¦ 15% ¦ 1% ¦ 8% ¦ 0% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 14% ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 43% ¦ 0% ¦ 2% ¦ 0% ¦ 8% ¦ 19% ¦ 5% ¦ 0% ¦ 13% ¦ 2% ¦ 0% ¦ 8% ¦ 30% ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 4% ¦ 1% ¦ 44% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 13% ¦ 1% ¦ 44% ¦ 1% ¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 0% ¦ 1% ¦ 6% ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 10% ¦ 0% ¦ 56% ¦ 0% ¦ 2% ¦ 0% ¦ 23% ¦ 0% ¦ 11% ¦ 21% ¦ 7% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 0% ¦ 7% ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 1% ¦ 3% ¦ 29% ¦ 0% ¦ 1% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 0% ¦ 58% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 1% ¦ 7% ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 0% ¦ 2% ¦ 55% ¦ 2% ¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 8% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 38% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 6% ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 43% ¦ 0% ¦ 28% ¦ 1% ¦ 26% ¦ 0% ¦ 32% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 1% ¦ 7% ¦ 7% ¦ 18% ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 1% ¦ 1% ¦ 12% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 1% ¦ 1% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 80% ¦ 4% ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 1% ¦ 2% ¦ 35% ¦ 0% ¦ 1% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 1% ¦ 1% ¦ 2% ¦ 52% ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Belgi¦Dane ¦Alle ¦Grèce¦Espa ¦Fin ¦Fran ¦Irlan¦Ita ¦Luxem¦Pays-¦Autri¦Portu¦Suède¦Roy. ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦que ¦mark ¦magne¦ ¦gne ¦lande¦ce ¦de ¦lie ¦bourg¦Bas ¦che ¦gal ¦ ¦Uni ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Bel ¦Den ¦Ger ¦Gree ¦Spain¦Fin ¦Fran ¦Ire ¦Italy¦Luxem¦Nethe¦Aus ¦Portu¦Swe ¦U.K. ¦ ¦ ¦gium ¦mark ¦many ¦ce ¦ ¦land ¦ce ¦land ¦ ¦burg ¦rland¦tria ¦gal ¦den ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 5% ¦ 2% ¦ 53% ¦ 0% ¦ 2% ¦ 1% ¦ 14% ¦ 0% ¦ 14% ¦ 2% ¦ 9% ¦ 3% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 22% ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 50% ¦ 0% ¦ 5% ¦ 3% ¦ 15% ¦ 0% ¦ 19% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 2% ¦ 1% ¦ 6% ¦ 14% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 50% ¦ 0% ¦ 5% ¦ 5% ¦ 14% ¦ 1% ¦ 17% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 2% ¦ 1% ¦ 9% ¦ 14% ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 50% ¦ 0% ¦ 5% ¦ 2% ¦ 16% ¦ 0% ¦ 20% ¦ 1% ¦ 6% ¦ 2% ¦ 1% ¦ 3% ¦ 14% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 44% ¦ 0% ¦ 5% ¦ 4% ¦ 11% ¦ 0% ¦ 8% ¦ 1% ¦ 7% ¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 9% ¦ 25% ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 2% ¦ 1% ¦ 47% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 3% ¦ 18% ¦ 1% ¦ 14% ¦ 1% ¦ 8% ¦ 1% ¦ 1% ¦ 4% ¦ 19% ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 51% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 14% ¦ 0% ¦ 28% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 3% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 10% ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 61% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 5% ¦ 18% ¦ 1% ¦ 13% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 2% ¦ 0% ¦ 5% ¦ 5% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 51% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 3% ¦ 15% ¦ 1% ¦ 13% ¦ 1% ¦ 7% ¦ 1% ¦ 1% ¦ 6% ¦ 16% ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 45% ¦ 1% ¦ 4% ¦ 4% ¦ 17% ¦ 1% ¦ 22% ¦ 1% ¦ 6% ¦ 6% ¦ 2% ¦ 4% ¦ 15% ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 53% ¦ 0% ¦ 5% ¦ 2% ¦ 13% ¦ 0% ¦ 19% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 14% ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 3% ¦ 4% ¦ 47% ¦ 0% ¦ 2% ¦ 3% ¦ 16% ¦ 0% ¦ 32% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 1% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 7% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 3% ¦ 1% ¦ 50% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 4% ¦ 14% ¦ 0% ¦ 18% ¦ 1% ¦ 8% ¦ 3% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 12% ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 2% ¦ 4% ¦ 52% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 13% ¦ 1% ¦ 20% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 1% ¦ 3% ¦ 15% ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 3% ¦ 1% ¦ 51% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 2% ¦ 14% ¦ 0% ¦ 21% ¦ 1% ¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 18% ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 0% ¦ 1% ¦ 43% ¦ 0% ¦ 7% ¦ 6% ¦ 18% ¦ 0% ¦ 13% ¦ 0% ¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 8% ¦ 20% ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 46% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 1% ¦ 26% ¦ 0% ¦ 13% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 9% ¦ 18% ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 37

2.3.2.

Responses for the European Union, country by country (Basis: Table 2.3.2)

*

Overall picture:

The previous table sets out the opinions of managers who cited at least one EU 4 Member State (including their own country) as the preferred source of advanced technologies: Clearly out in front here is Germany, which was cited by one in two respondents as the preferred source of advanced technologies (see column in table opposite). The other countries lag far behind, with Italy second (18%) ahead of France and the United Kingdom (15%). Fifth position goes to the Netherlands (6%), with Sweden coming sixth (5%), etc.

*

Breakdown by country: There is a genuine consensus regarding Germany, the country mentioned most often in 10 of the European Union's 15 Member States. In the other countries, its position as leader is challenged only by "pro domo" ("in my own country") responses in Italy, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Finland and Sweden. Were it not for these "pro domo" responses, Germany would stand out even more prominently as the leading light for access to advanced technologies in the European Union.

*

Breakdown by company category: Germany is the country mentioned most by all company categories. It should perhaps be pointed out that Italy (in column) was mentioned most often by the industrial sector and exporting companies, but less often by the services sector. The United Kingdom, on the other hand, scored most of its mentions in the services sector.

4

Third column of table 2.3.1. The percentages are thus based on responses from a total of 1.488 respondents. It should be borne in mind that the percentages add up to more than 100%, as a more than one country could be mentioned by the same respondent.

38

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY TABLEAU 2.3.3 2.3. Dans quels pays les technologies de pointe dont vous auriez besoin, sont-elles plus accessibles qu'ici en [NOTRE PAYS] ? [NE PAS LIRE - PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES] ### SYNTHESE EN CATEGORIES DE PAYS ### -------------------------------------2.3. In which countries are the advanced technologies you may need better available than here in [OUR COUNTRY] ? [DON'T READ OUT - SEVERAL ANSWERS POSSIBLE] ### SYNTHESIS : ANSWERS GROUPED IN MAIN CATEGORIES ### +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Dans son ¦Autre pays¦Total ¦Etats-Unis¦Autres ¦Le même ¦(nsp/s.r.)¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦propre ¦de l'Union¦Union ¦ ¦pays ¦partout ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pays ¦Européenne¦Européenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦In own ¦Elsewhere ¦Total ¦United ¦Other ¦The same ¦(dk/n.a.) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦country ¦in the ¦European ¦States ¦countries ¦everywhere¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Eur.Union ¦Union ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 19.8% ¦ 29.9% ¦ 49.5% ¦ 20.5% ¦ 9.3% ¦ 7.8% ¦ 26.7% ¦ (3004) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 2.0% ¦ 33.3% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 12.1% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 4.5% ¦ 50.0% ¦ (198) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 13.5% ¦ 22.0% ¦ 35.5% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 4.5% ¦ 17.0% ¦ 39.5% ¦ (200) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 21.7% ¦ 21.0% ¦ 42.7% ¦ 18.0% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 8.3% ¦ 34.0% ¦ (300) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 4.0% ¦ 64.0% ¦ 68.0% ¦ 18.0% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 16.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 9.6% ¦ 48.8% ¦ 58.5% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 8.6% ¦ 8.6% ¦ 20.6% ¦ (301) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 17.2% ¦ 32.1% ¦ 48.3% ¦ 23.5% ¦ 13.2% ¦ 9.3% ¦ 23.5% ¦ (302) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 8.0% ¦ 55.0% ¦ 63.0% ¦ 21.0% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 22.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 28.3% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 63.7% ¦ 20.6% ¦ 8.4% ¦ 12.5% ¦ 7.1% ¦ (311) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 12.0% ¦ 49.0% ¦ 61.0% ¦ 15.0% ¦ 4.0% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 24.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 22.9% ¦ 24.0% ¦ 46.9% ¦ 17.7% ¦ 7.3% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 36.5% ¦ (192) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 20.5% ¦ 33.5% ¦ 54.0% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 7.0% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 23.5% ¦ (200) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 5.0% ¦ 71.0% ¦ 76.0% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 5.0% ¦ 13.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 33.0% ¦ 32.0% ¦ 65.0% ¦ 12.0% ¦ 7.0% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 19.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 39.5% ¦ 10.5% ¦ 50.0% ¦ 8.5% ¦ 4.5% ¦ 17.5% ¦ 23.5% ¦ (200) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 19.3% ¦ 22.3% ¦ 41.7% ¦ 31.7% ¦ 11.7% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 32.7% ¦ (300) ¦ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Dans son ¦Autre pays¦Total ¦Etats-Unis¦Autres ¦Le même ¦(nsp/s.r.)¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦propre ¦de l'Union¦Union ¦ ¦pays ¦partout ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pays ¦Européenne¦Européenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦In own ¦Elsewhere ¦Total ¦United ¦Other ¦The same ¦(dk/n.a.) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦country ¦in the ¦European ¦States ¦countries ¦everywhere¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Eur.Union ¦Union ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 18.1% ¦ 31.5% ¦ 49.1% ¦ 31.3% ¦ 12.4% ¦ 8.8% ¦ 19.5% ¦ (349) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 20.0% ¦ 29.7% ¦ 49.6% ¦ 19.1% ¦ 8.9% ¦ 7.7% ¦ 27.7% ¦ (2655) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 21.8% ¦ 29.2% ¦ 51.0% ¦ 19.8% ¦ 9.1% ¦ 7.5% ¦ 25.2% ¦ (1144) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 18.7% ¦ 30.0% ¦ 48.6% ¦ 18.6% ¦ 8.7% ¦ 7.8% ¦ 29.6% ¦ (1511) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 18.8% ¦ 21.4% ¦ 39.9% ¦ 26.9% ¦ 8.7% ¦ 7.2% ¦ 30.6% ¦ (871) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 20.1% ¦ 25.4% ¦ 45.3% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 9.6% ¦ 7.5% ¦ 31.3% ¦ (596) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 20.1% ¦ 39.5% ¦ 59.6% ¦ 18.8% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 9.6% ¦ 17.6% ¦ (1081) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 20.9% ¦ 28.3% ¦ 48.9% ¦ 13.3% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 5.4% ¦ 35.4% ¦ (420) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 21.0% ¦ 26.7% ¦ 47.6% ¦ 18.6% ¦ 7.6% ¦ 6.1% ¦ 32.1% ¦ (1420) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 15.9% ¦ 32.2% ¦ 48.1% ¦ 19.7% ¦ 10.3% ¦ 9.9% ¦ 27.7% ¦ (655) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 22.0% ¦ 32.1% ¦ 53.8% ¦ 25.9% ¦ 11.8% ¦ 8.7% ¦ 16.3% ¦ (565) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 18.5% ¦ 34.9% ¦ 52.9% ¦ 23.8% ¦ 12.1% ¦ 9.6% ¦ 17.3% ¦ (291) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 23.2% ¦ 28.8% ¦ 52.0% ¦ 17.9% ¦ 9.0% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 26.0% ¦ (1499) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 17.3% ¦ 32.8% ¦ 49.8% ¦ 19.5% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 26.7% ¦ (538) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 15.3% ¦ 31.5% ¦ 46.8% ¦ 24.2% ¦ 8.4% ¦ 7.7% ¦ 27.5% ¦ (518) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 18.3% ¦ 26.9% ¦ 44.7% ¦ 24.5% ¦ 11.2% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 26.5% ¦ (262) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 12.5% ¦ 31.5% ¦ 43.9% ¦ 30.7% ¦ 10.1% ¦ 5.6% ¦ 29.8% ¦ (171) ¦ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 39

2.3.3.

"No opinion" responses, total sample (Basis: Table 2.3.3) *

Overall picture: In this table, we are only concerned with the percentage of "don't knows", given the relatively large number of mangers (one in four) in the European Union without a firm opinion as to whether any other country offers easier access to advanced technologies than their own.

*

Breakdown by country: This attitude is encountered least often in Italy, Portugal and Greece. Managers in these three countries have least trouble in identifying where access to advanced technologies is easiest for them. A "don't know" response was most frequently encountered, by contrast, in Belgium (50.0%) and was also common in Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany and the United Kingdom (between 39.5% et 32.5%). Does this reflect a lack of interest or is the question formulated in such a way as to make it unclear how to respond? Both elements probably come into play.

*

Breakdown by company category: Overall, a "don't know" response came least frequently from: -

large companies (majors), industry and exporting companies.

This result is very much a mirror image of that relating to the importance of R&D (subsection 2.1 above).

40

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 2.4 Un accès plus aisé aux technologies de pointe disponibles dans d'autres pays de l'Union européenne, cela aiderait-il votre entreprise à devenir plus innovante ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------2.4. Would an easier access to the advanced technologies available in other EU countries help your company to become more innovative ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 49 ¦ 16.4% ¦ 32.4% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 27.8% ¦ 20.9% ¦ (2855) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 80 ¦ 41.2% ¦ 49.5% ¦ .0% ¦ 5.2% ¦ 4.1% ¦ (97) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 71 ¦ 30.0% ¦ 45.0% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 12.0% ¦ 5.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 69 ¦ 31.9% ¦ 41.4% ¦ 4.2% ¦ 16.1% ¦ 6.3% ¦ (285) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 62 ¦ 28.1% ¦ 35.9% ¦ 2.9% ¦ 22.2% ¦ 10.8% ¦ (306) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 58 ¦ 24.7% ¦ 31.2% ¦ 6.5% ¦ 28.0% ¦ 9.7% ¦ (93) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 55 ¦ 18.9% ¦ 38.3% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 28.0% ¦ 13.1% ¦ (175) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 53 ¦ 20.4% ¦ 31.2% ¦ 4.3% ¦ 29.0% ¦ 15.1% ¦ (93) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 53 ¦ 19.0% ¦ 35.0% ¦ .3% ¦ 28.6% ¦ 17.0% ¦ (294) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 47 ¦ 22.5% ¦ 23.6% ¦ 1.1% ¦ 25.8% ¦ 27.0% ¦ (89) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 46 ¦ 11.2% ¦ 34.0% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 33.0% ¦ 18.9% ¦ (285) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 44 ¦ 10.6% ¦ 27.0% ¦ 6.3% ¦ 38.1% ¦ 18.0% ¦ (189) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 43 ¦ 10.3% ¦ 32.1% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 29.1% ¦ 26.1% ¦ (165) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 41 ¦ 12.6% ¦ 27.9% ¦ 1.6% ¦ 26.8% ¦ 31.1% ¦ (183) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 36 ¦ 7.1% ¦ 26.6% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 33.0% ¦ 31.6% ¦ (282) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 27 ¦ 3.4% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 3.9% ¦ 34.1% ¦ 41.3% ¦ (179) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 52 ¦ 17.7% ¦ 34.9% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 27.5% ¦ 17.7% ¦ (338) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 49 ¦ 16.3% ¦ 32.1% ¦ 2.5% ¦ 27.8% ¦ 21.4% ¦ (2517) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 47 ¦ 16.1% ¦ 31.0% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 27.9% ¦ 23.0% ¦ (1086) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 49 ¦ 16.4% ¦ 32.9% ¦ 2.9% ¦ 27.7% ¦ 20.1% ¦ (1430) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 46 ¦ 14.7% ¦ 31.5% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 26.1% ¦ 26.0% ¦ (828) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 50 ¦ 15.6% ¦ 35.1% ¦ 1.9% ¦ 27.1% ¦ 20.2% ¦ (562) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 52 ¦ 18.7% ¦ 33.4% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 27.7% ¦ 17.5% ¦ (1032) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 46 ¦ 15.6% ¦ 27.5% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 33.3% ¦ 20.6% ¦ (397) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 46 ¦ 14.1% ¦ 30.9% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 29.0% ¦ 23.3% ¦ (1342) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 50 ¦ 18.3% ¦ 30.4% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 29.7% ¦ 19.4% ¦ (615) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 52 ¦ 16.1% ¦ 38.2% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 18.6% ¦ (551) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 55 ¦ 23.5% ¦ 32.0% ¦ 1.5% ¦ 24.9% ¦ 18.1% ¦ (285) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 47 ¦ 16.3% ¦ 30.0% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 27.3% ¦ 23.7% ¦ (1418) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 50 ¦ 17.4% ¦ 31.9% ¦ 2.9% ¦ 28.0% ¦ 19.7% ¦ (516) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 51 ¦ 19.1% ¦ 32.6% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 26.9% ¦ 19.7% ¦ (501) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 50 ¦ 10.0% ¦ 41.3% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 31.4% ¦ 15.3% ¦ (242) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 55 ¦ 15.5% ¦ 42.6% ¦ 1.6% ¦ 25.5% ¦ 14.8% ¦ (163) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 41

2.4.

The potential impact of easier access to advanced technologies

*

Overall picture: Managers' attitudes on the potential impact of easier access to advanced technologies in the European Union averages out as practically "neutral" (49 points). However, this is a balance between opposites, since virtually no-one is indifferent to this subject. The responses to the previous questions about the availability of technologies already provide a fairly accurate picture of the different expectations in the various countries, and the responses to this question confirm that picture.

Q2.4 Would an easier access to the advanced technologies available in other EU countries help your company to become more innovative ?

80

GR P SP I IRL B L F

71 69 62 58 55 53 53 49

UE 15

47 46 44 43 41 36

FIN UK ÖST SW NL D DK

27

0

25 Index:

0 = Certainly not

50

75

100

100 = Certainly yes

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.6

*

Breakdown by country: The balance at EU level is the net result of opposite trends in the various Member States: Some countries expect a great deal from easier access. This is the case for Greece, Portugal, Spain and even Italy. These are the Member States where managers feel there is insufficient access to such technologies in their own country (question 2.2) and look more to the European Union than to non-EU countries to meet their requirements. In Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden, managers are either already relatively satisfied with the level of access to technologies or are more inclined than the average EU manager to turn to non-EU countries. This group thus expects little of the other EU Member States.

*

Breakdown by company category: The categories which we analysed showed no significant differences.

42

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 3.1 Dans le cas de votre entreprise, comment la gestion des ressources humaines et la gestion des connaissances peuvent-elles contribuer au mieux l'innovation ? Est-ce par:............ ? [LIRE - PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES] -------------------------------------3.1. In the case of your company, how can human resources and knowledge management contribute best to innovation ? Is it by :... ? [READ OUT - SEVERAL ANSWERS POSSIBLE] +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Formation ¦Encourager¦Embauche ¦Tec.pointe¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦personnel ¦soutien du¦personnel ¦inform. & ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦existant ¦personnel ¦haut.qual.¦communic. ¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Training ¦Encourage ¦Hiring hi-¦Advanced ¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦existing ¦personnel ¦ghly qual.¦info/comm.¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦staff ¦to drive ¦personnel ¦technology¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 77.7% ¦ 52.6% ¦ 38.5% ¦ 37.8% ¦ 1.4% ¦ (2979) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 73.8% ¦ 56.4% ¦ 44.1% ¦ 33.8% ¦ 4.6% ¦ (195) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 78.3% ¦ 61.6% ¦ 27.8% ¦ 30.8% ¦ .5% ¦ (198) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 83.9% ¦ 67.4% ¦ 38.6% ¦ 50.0% ¦ .3% ¦ (298) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 70.4% ¦ 33.7% ¦ 44.9% ¦ 37.8% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 75.4% ¦ 41.8% ¦ 37.4% ¦ 39.1% ¦ 2.4% ¦ (297) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 74.0% ¦ 36.7% ¦ 41.0% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 2.3% ¦ (300) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 61.6% ¦ 27.3% ¦ 29.3% ¦ 20.2% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 79.1% ¦ 37.6% ¦ 32.5% ¦ 34.7% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (311) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 65.3% ¦ 40.8% ¦ 30.6% ¦ 21.4% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 52.6% ¦ 66.8% ¦ 37.4% ¦ 26.3% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (190) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 80.8% ¦ 45.1% ¦ 24.4% ¦ 25.4% ¦ 2.6% ¦ (193) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 66.3% ¦ 28.6% ¦ 29.6% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 6.1% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 80.0% ¦ 35.0% ¦ 39.0% ¦ 37.0% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 83.3% ¦ 48.5% ¦ 50.0% ¦ 17.2% ¦ .5% ¦ (198) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 76.1% ¦ 59.3% ¦ 47.8% ¦ 42.8% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (297) ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Formation ¦Encourager¦Embauche ¦Tec.pointe¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦personnel ¦soutien du¦personnel ¦inform. & ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦existant ¦personnel ¦haut.qual.¦communic. ¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Training ¦Encourage ¦Hiring hi-¦Advanced ¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦existing ¦personnel ¦ghly qual.¦info/comm.¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦staff ¦to drive ¦personnel ¦technology¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 78.3% ¦ 51.6% ¦ 52.9% ¦ 47.2% ¦ .6% ¦ (349) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 77.7% ¦ 52.7% ¦ 36.6% ¦ 36.6% ¦ 1.5% ¦ (2630) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 80.0% ¦ 54.6% ¦ 41.4% ¦ 40.5% ¦ 1.4% ¦ (1135) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 75.9% ¦ 51.3% ¦ 33.0% ¦ 33.6% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (1495) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 79.6% ¦ 55.6% ¦ 44.2% ¦ 42.0% ¦ .9% ¦ (860) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 76.7% ¦ 47.9% ¦ 35.1% ¦ 40.7% ¦ 1.8% ¦ (593) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 77.0% ¦ 52.1% ¦ 36.9% ¦ 34.4% ¦ 1.4% ¦ (1074) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 77.1% ¦ 55.0% ¦ 36.2% ¦ 33.8% ¦ 2.3% ¦ (416) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 79.3% ¦ 52.5% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 35.9% ¦ 1.3% ¦ (1406) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 76.8% ¦ 52.9% ¦ 42.7% ¦ 40.1% ¦ 2.3% ¦ (651) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 76.5% ¦ 53.1% ¦ 41.2% ¦ 41.5% ¦ .6% ¦ (560) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 76.0% ¦ 48.9% ¦ 41.0% ¦ 34.4% ¦ 1.3% ¦ (291) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 76.8% ¦ 53.2% ¦ 41.2% ¦ 41.2% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (1487) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 82.0% ¦ 48.4% ¦ 31.0% ¦ 33.6% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (536) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 74.6% ¦ 54.5% ¦ 39.8% ¦ 37.1% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (514) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 81.7% ¦ 55.6% ¦ 30.5% ¦ 33.1% ¦ .7% ¦ (261) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 76.9% ¦ 49.9% ¦ 49.3% ¦ 32.4% ¦ .8% ¦ (166) ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 43

3.

HUMAN RESOURCES AND INNOVATION

3.1.

How can human resources contribute to innovation?

*

Overall picture: Managers appear to be convinced that their existing staff are capable of mastering the innovation challenge and deserves support. Intensive staff training was cited by 77% of respondents, while 52.6% mentioned the need for measures to encourage staff to maintain the momentum of innovation efforts and share knowledge. The hiring of new, highly qualified staff (38.5%) and the introduction of advanced information and communications technology (37,8%) thus take third place only.

Q 3.1 In the case of your company, how can human resources and knowledge management contribute best to innovation ? Is it by :... ?

Training existing staff

77.7%

Encourage staff to drive innovation

52.6%

Hiring highly qualif. personnel

38.5%

Advanced info./ comm. technology

37.8%

Others

1.4%

0%

25%

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.7

50%

75%

100%

44

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 45

*

Breakdown by country: There is a high degree of consensus between the Member States concerning the contribution which human-resource and knowledge management provides on the innovation front. While training is generally foremost among the measures cited, the most frequently mentioned factor in the Netherlands is the need to encourage staff to innovate and share knowledge. The hiring of new, highly qualified staff and the introduction of new information and communications technologies are seen as having the same level of importance by managers in all Member States. In some countries, the hiring of new staff is suggested slightly more frequently: it takes second position in six cases - by a narrow margin. Some differences exist between the various countries: Germany, the United Kingdom and Spain cite new technologies more often than the other countries, while the United Kingdom, Greece, Sweden and France stress the importance of hiring suitably qualified staff.

*

Breakdown by company category: There are no significant differences between the various company categories. The general attitude of the managers in this respect is not depending on the situation or the profile of the enterprise.

46

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 3.2 Attirer le nouveau personnel hautement qualifié dont vous auriez besoin pour innover, est-ce pour votre entreprise un problème : ..... ?J [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------3.2. Attracting new and highly qualified personnel you may need to innovate, is this for your company a problem, which is : ... ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Très ¦Important ¦entre les ¦Pas ¦Pas ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦important ¦ ¦deux, cela¦important ¦important ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦du tout ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Very ¦Important ¦in between¦Not ¦Not impor.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦important ¦ ¦it depends¦important ¦at all ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 62 ¦ 21.9% ¦ 43.2% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 24.5% ¦ 7.8% ¦ (2926) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 73 ¦ 29.4% ¦ 53.2% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 11.9% ¦ 3.1% ¦ (293) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 71 ¦ 32.7% ¦ 44.1% ¦ .7% ¦ 18.0% ¦ 4.6% ¦ (306) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 69 ¦ 30.5% ¦ 41.6% ¦ 6.1% ¦ 18.3% ¦ 3.6% ¦ (197) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 69 ¦ 25.3% ¦ 45.1% ¦ 14.3% ¦ 11.0% ¦ 4.4% ¦ (91) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 66 ¦ 17.3% ¦ 54.1% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 4.1% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 61 ¦ 22.3% ¦ 40.2% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 27.1% ¦ 7.2% ¦ (291) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 60 ¦ 27.6% ¦ 29.6% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 25.5% ¦ 10.2% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 59 ¦ 25.3% ¦ 30.3% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 37.4% ¦ 4.0% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 57 ¦ 15.3% ¦ 43.4% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 32.3% ¦ 6.3% ¦ (189) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 57 ¦ 14.4% ¦ 47.2% ¦ .3% ¦ 28.4% ¦ 9.7% ¦ (299) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 57 ¦ 12.5% ¦ 47.4% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 30.2% ¦ 7.3% ¦ (192) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 55 ¦ 27.0% ¦ 31.1% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 27.0% ¦ (196) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 51 ¦ 7.1% ¦ 44.9% ¦ 5.1% ¦ 28.6% ¦ 14.3% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 46 ¦ 7.6% ¦ 34.8% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 42.1% ¦ 12.8% ¦ (290) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 24 ¦ 4.2% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 6.3% ¦ 30.9% ¦ 47.1% ¦ (191) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Très ¦Important ¦entre les ¦Pas ¦Pas ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦important ¦ ¦deux, cela¦important ¦important ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦du tout ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Very ¦Important ¦in between¦Not ¦Not impor.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦important ¦ ¦it depends¦important ¦at all ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 66 ¦ 23.6% ¦ 48.8% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 19.8% ¦ 5.7% ¦ (348) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 61 ¦ 21.6% ¦ 42.4% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 25.1% ¦ 8.1% ¦ (2578) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 64 ¦ 26.1% ¦ 41.3% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 23.2% ¦ 6.6% ¦ (1111) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 59 ¦ 18.3% ¦ 43.3% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 26.5% ¦ 9.2% ¦ (1466) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 62 ¦ 24.5% ¦ 42.0% ¦ 1.6% ¦ 21.7% ¦ 10.2% ¦ (855) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 59 ¦ 16.3% ¦ 45.0% ¦ 3.3% ¦ 28.3% ¦ 7.1% ¦ (577) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 64 ¦ 24.4% ¦ 43.4% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 22.5% ¦ 6.6% ¦ (1045) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 59 ¦ 17.5% ¦ 43.9% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 28.6% ¦ 7.3% ¦ (414) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 59 ¦ 19.5% ¦ 42.1% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 25.0% ¦ 10.3% ¦ (1388) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 62 ¦ 21.2% ¦ 44.6% ¦ 2.3% ¦ 26.1% ¦ 5.9% ¦ (634) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 67 ¦ 25.2% ¦ 46.3% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 21.7% ¦ 4.4% ¦ (551) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 65 ¦ 29.1% ¦ 39.4% ¦ 1.6% ¦ 21.8% ¦ 8.0% ¦ (281) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 61 ¦ 21.2% ¦ 42.1% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 26.9% ¦ 7.5% ¦ (1463) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 62 ¦ 24.1% ¦ 41.3% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 24.4% ¦ 7.6% ¦ (525) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 64 ¦ 21.7% ¦ 48.6% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 19.8% ¦ 7.7% ¦ (495) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 57 ¦ 15.6% ¦ 43.6% ¦ 4.1% ¦ 27.5% ¦ 9.2% ¦ (258) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 67 ¦ 30.4% ¦ 41.2% ¦ 4.7% ¦ 14.6% ¦ 9.1% ¦ (170) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 47

3.2.

The problem of finding highly qualified staff

*

Overall picture: Attracting the highly qualified staff needed for innovation is a real problem everywhere in the European Union. Two managers in every three rate it an important or very important problem, with the average attitude index standing at 62 points.

Q3.2 Attracting new and highly qualified personnel you may need to innovate, is this for your company a problem, which is: ?

73 71 69 69 66

UK I ÖST P GR UE 15

62

D IRL L B F NL SW FIN SP DK

61 60 59 57 57 57 55 51 46 24 0

25 Index:

50 0 = not important at all

75

100

100 = very important

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.8

*

Breakdown by country As regards the problem of finding highly qualified staff, three countries have a position which differs from the general tendency: In Denmark, attracting highly qualified staff is not a problem for the great majority of managers (78.0%), and the average index stands at only 24 points. In Spain, the general tendency is to see recruitment as not posing too many problems, but opinions are somewhat divided: 54.9% against and 42.2% in favour, with an average index of 46 points. In Finland, the opinions are also divided, but in the opposite direction: 42.9% against and 52.0 % in favour (index of 51 points).

48

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 49

It is interesting to view the responses in the light of the preceeding question on the importance which managers attach to staff recruitment for promoting innovation at their companies. In the United Kingdom and Greece, for example, recruitment problems are cited more than in other countries and more importance is attached to recruitment as a means of managing innovation. These problems are also noted in Austria and Portugal, but managers there put far less emphasis on the recruitment instrument. Sweden is in the opposite situation: managers there regard recruitment as an important instrument for promoting innovation at companies and are in the fortunate position of having relatively few problems in finding suitably qualified staff.

In all other cases, attracting new, highly qualified staff can be said to be a genuinely acute problem, albeit in varying degrees from one country to another (see opposite: average index from 55 to 73 points).

*

Breakdown by company category: The severity of the problem of attracting new talent hardly varies at all between the different categories of company.

50

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 3.3 Une plus grande mobilité du personnel hautement qualifié, entre les pays de l'Union européenne, cela pourrait-il aider votre entreprise à devenir plus innovante ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------3.3. Would a greater mobility of highly qualified personnel between the EU countries help your company to become more innovative ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 46 ¦ 15.8% ¦ 29.0% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 30.0% ¦ 23.1% ¦ (2959) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 68 ¦ 28.6% ¦ 37.8% ¦ 12.2% ¦ 18.4% ¦ 3.1% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 67 ¦ 33.7% ¦ 37.9% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 13.7% ¦ 12.6% ¦ (95) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 62 ¦ 25.0% ¦ 42.0% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 18.8% ¦ 12.5% ¦ (288) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 61 ¦ 24.8% ¦ 38.1% ¦ 4.2% ¦ 22.9% ¦ 10.0% ¦ (310) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 54 ¦ 31.3% ¦ 18.2% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 29.3% ¦ 18.2% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 51 ¦ 21.4% ¦ 23.5% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 32.7% ¦ 14.3% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 47 ¦ 14.2% ¦ 30.5% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 34.9% ¦ 18.6% ¦ (295) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 45 ¦ 15.5% ¦ 28.9% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 25.8% ¦ 27.3% ¦ (194) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 44 ¦ 17.4% ¦ 25.4% ¦ .3% ¦ 28.4% ¦ 28.4% ¦ (299) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 43 ¦ 13.5% ¦ 27.1% ¦ .5% ¦ 37.0% ¦ 21.9% ¦ (192) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 41 ¦ 14.3% ¦ 22.4% ¦ 1.5% ¦ 37.8% ¦ 24.0% ¦ (196) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 41 ¦ 19.4% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 5.1% ¦ 22.4% ¦ 35.7% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 38 ¦ 10.5% ¦ 26.3% ¦ 1.1% ¦ 29.5% ¦ 32.6% ¦ (190) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 37 ¦ 8.8% ¦ 24.9% ¦ 1.3% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 29.6% ¦ (297) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 27 ¦ 8.6% ¦ 13.9% ¦ .5% ¦ 31.0% ¦ 46.0% ¦ (187) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 55 ¦ 17.9% ¦ 39.5% ¦ 1.3% ¦ 27.6% ¦ 13.6% ¦ (349) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 45 ¦ 15.5% ¦ 27.6% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 30.4% ¦ 24.4% ¦ (2610) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 45 ¦ 17.1% ¦ 25.0% ¦ 1.9% ¦ 31.7% ¦ 24.3% ¦ (1134) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 45 ¦ 14.3% ¦ 29.7% ¦ 2.3% ¦ 29.3% ¦ 24.5% ¦ (1476) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 45 ¦ 15.9% ¦ 28.9% ¦ .9% ¦ 28.3% ¦ 26.0% ¦ (862) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 40 ¦ 12.9% ¦ 25.5% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 32.0% ¦ 28.7% ¦ (588) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 51 ¦ 18.3% ¦ 31.2% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 30.0% ¦ 17.7% ¦ (1056) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 45 ¦ 12.8% ¦ 30.0% ¦ 3.8% ¦ 30.1% ¦ 23.4% ¦ (416) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 41 ¦ 13.5% ¦ 25.2% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 30.2% ¦ 29.1% ¦ (1401) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 44 ¦ 14.1% ¦ 27.7% ¦ 1.1% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 21.7% ¦ (647) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 55 ¦ 20.5% ¦ 35.5% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 26.4% ¦ 14.8% ¦ (555) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 59 ¦ 21.1% ¦ 41.1% ¦ 3.2% ¦ 21.7% ¦ 12.9% ¦ (287) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 43 ¦ 15.4% ¦ 25.6% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 30.9% ¦ 26.3% ¦ (1487) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 46 ¦ 16.7% ¦ 28.7% ¦ 1.9% ¦ 28.7% ¦ 24.0% ¦ (528) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 49 ¦ 15.0% ¦ 33.5% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 30.0% ¦ 19.5% ¦ (500) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 48 ¦ 13.0% ¦ 32.4% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 35.8% ¦ 15.8% ¦ (260) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 59 ¦ 23.5% ¦ 40.4% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 17.1% ¦ 16.3% ¦ (169) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 51

3.3.

The potential impact of greater mobility of highly qualified staff

*

Overall picture Overall, we find highly contradictory assessments of the potential impact of greater mobility of highly qualified staff within the EU in helping companies become more innovative. The average attitude index stands at 46 points, which indicates a reserved stance.

*

Breakdown by country: The split in attitudes between those for and against reflects deep-seated differences of opinion from one country to another. Managers in Portugal, Greece, Spain, Italy and Luxembourg show the greatest belief in the potential positive impact of increased mobility. In Ireland feelings are evenly split, while managers in all the other countries feel that greater mobility would not affect the innovative capabilities of their companies. The most sceptical countries in this regard are Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. Q 3.3 Would a greater mobility of highly qualified personnel between the EU countries help your company to become more innovative ? P

68

GR

67

SP

62

I

61

L

54

IRL

51

UK

47

UE 15

46

SW

45

F

44

B

43

ÖST

41

FIN

41

NL

38

D

37

DK

27 0

25

Index : 0= certainly not

50

75

100

100 = certainly yes

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.8A

As already noted in the previous subsection, however, attracting new talent to promote innovation is a problem in virtually every European Union country. Although greater mobility between countries is not regarded by managers everywhere as being the solution to the problem, it could nevertheless make a bigger contribution than the percentages in the tables might lead us to believe. At all events, these two attitudes are related, as they have a positive and relatively high correlation coefficient: +0.36717 (a highly significant level).

52

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 53

*

Breakdown by company category: The result concerning the mobility of highly qualified staff shows a "variation typology" such as already observed in this report. In overall terms, greater mobility would support innovation, particularly for: - large companies (majors), - industry, and above all - exporting companies. This probably highlights the main thrust of attitudes regarding innovation and the best approach towards its development.

54

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 4.1 Dans le cas de votre entreprise, quelle serait la stratégie de protection des connaissances la plus appropriée parmi les suivantes :.... ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------4.1. In the case of your company, which knowledge protection strategy would be most relevant among the following : ... ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Avantage ¦Déposer ¦Brevets ¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦temporel, ¦marques, ¦ ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦être 1er ¦modèles, ¦ ¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Lead-time ¦Register ¦Patenting ¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦advantage ¦designs, ¦ ¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦trademarks¦ ¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 63.3% ¦ 14.3% ¦ 13.9% ¦ 8.5% ¦ (2845) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 59.4% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 12.7% ¦ 10.3% ¦ (165) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 53.2% ¦ 20.7% ¦ 8.5% ¦ 17.6% ¦ (188) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 66.7% ¦ 12.1% ¦ 17.0% ¦ 4.3% ¦ (282) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 32.6% ¦ 43.8% ¦ 15.7% ¦ 7.9% ¦ (89) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 56.6% ¦ 17.4% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 10.7% ¦ (281) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 61.1% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 14.8% ¦ 10.4% ¦ (298) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 73.3% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (90) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 73.5% ¦ 8.4% ¦ 10.4% ¦ 7.8% ¦ (309) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 67.1% ¦ 11.8% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 4.7% ¦ (85) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 60.8% ¦ 19.9% ¦ 12.2% ¦ 7.2% ¦ (181) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 59.2% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 15.6% ¦ 10.6% ¦ (179) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 38.4% ¦ 27.9% ¦ 17.4% ¦ 16.3% ¦ (86) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 65.3% ¦ 22.1% ¦ 6.3% ¦ 6.3% ¦ (95) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 63.4% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 11.6% ¦ 11.0% ¦ (164) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 59.4% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 10.1% ¦ 15.3% ¦ (288) ¦ +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Avantage ¦Déposer ¦Brevets ¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦temporel, ¦marques, ¦ ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦être 1er ¦modèles, ¦ ¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Lead-time ¦Register ¦Patenting ¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦advantage ¦designs, ¦ ¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦trademarks¦ ¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 67.6% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 15.6% ¦ 4.5% ¦ (342) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 62.7% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 13.7% ¦ 9.1% ¦ (2502) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 64.8% ¦ 14.2% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 7.6% ¦ (1085) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 61.1% ¦ 14.8% ¦ 13.9% ¦ 10.2% ¦ (1417) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 68.1% ¦ 12.2% ¦ 7.5% ¦ 12.3% ¦ (814) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 62.4% ¦ 20.7% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 8.8% ¦ (559) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 60.5% ¦ 13.3% ¦ 21.6% ¦ 4.6% ¦ (1060) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 62.5% ¦ 12.4% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 10.7% ¦ (385) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 66.2% ¦ 12.4% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 13.3% ¦ (1316) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 62.4% ¦ 18.6% ¦ 13.1% ¦ 5.9% ¦ (628) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 56.4% ¦ 16.1% ¦ 23.9% ¦ 3.6% ¦ (548) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 64.6% ¦ 10.7% ¦ 22.6% ¦ 2.2% ¦ (287) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 64.2% ¦ 12.9% ¦ 14.6% ¦ 8.2% ¦ (1437) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 61.8% ¦ 14.1% ¦ 15.1% ¦ 9.0% ¦ (501) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 63.9% ¦ 18.1% ¦ 11.0% ¦ 7.0% ¦ (488) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 60.9% ¦ 19.4% ¦ 9.1% ¦ 10.6% ¦ (244) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 58.4% ¦ 7.8% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 12.6% ¦ (161) ¦ +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 55

4.

PROTECTING AND SHARING KNOWLEDGE

4.1.

Best means of protecting knowledge acquired

*

Overall picture: The best way a company can protect the knowledge it has acquired is by leading the field: two managers out of every three take this view (63.3%), while only 28.2% replied that registering designs and trademarks or patenting was the best approach. Q 4.1 Best means of protecting knowledge acquired Q4.1 Best means of protecting knowledge acquired

63.3 14.3

13.9 8.5 Lead time advantage

Register design and trade marks

Patents

Others

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.9

*

Breakdown by country: The same overall trend for the EU is to be observed in all the Member States apart from Greece and Portugal, where legal protection (patenting, registering trademarks or designs and copyrighting ) was chosen more often.

56

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 57

Lead time advantage: most appropriate strategy to protect knowledge I

73,5%

IRL

73,3%

L

67,1%

D

66,7%

FIN

65,3%

SW

63,4%

UE 15

63,3%

F

61,1%

NL

60,8%

B

59,4%

UK

59,4%

ÖST

59,2%

SP

56,6%

DK P GR

0%

53,2% 38,4% 32,6%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.9A

*

Breakdown by company category:

Attitudes on the best ways of protecting knowledge acquired do not depend on company profile.

58

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 4.2 L'innovation passe souvent par de nouvelles méthodes de coopération entre innovateurs (développement en commun de nouveaux produits ; le partage des connaissances). Pour votre entreprise, ces nouvelles méthodes de coopération sont-elles :... ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------4.2. Innovation is often done through new methods of networking among innovators (combined development of new products; sharing knowledge). For your company, are these new methods of networking... ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Très ¦Importante¦entre les ¦Pas ¦Pas ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦importante¦ ¦deux, cela¦importante¦importante¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦du tout ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Very ¦Important ¦in between¦Not ¦Not impor.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦important ¦ ¦it depends¦important ¦at all ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 61 ¦ 18.9% ¦ 46.2% ¦ 2.3% ¦ 23.7% ¦ 8.8% ¦ (2949) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 76 ¦ 44.3% ¦ 39.7% ¦ .0% ¦ 6.7% ¦ 9.3% ¦ (194) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 72 ¦ 16.2% ¦ 68.7% ¦ 6.1% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 71 ¦ 31.0% ¦ 46.0% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 16.0% ¦ 4.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 69 ¦ 21.4% ¦ 53.1% ¦ 12.2% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 6.1% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 67 ¦ 27.3% ¦ 43.4% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 23.2% ¦ 4.0% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 64 ¦ 26.1% ¦ 39.9% ¦ 6.4% ¦ 20.7% ¦ 6.9% ¦ (188) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 62 ¦ 19.0% ¦ 47.6% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 25.5% ¦ 5.8% ¦ (294) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 62 ¦ 22.2% ¦ 42.7% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 25.3% ¦ 7.5% ¦ (293) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 60 ¦ 20.0% ¦ 44.2% ¦ 2.9% ¦ 23.2% ¦ 9.7% ¦ (310) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 60 ¦ 11.6% ¦ 53.7% ¦ 4.7% ¦ 23.7% ¦ 6.3% ¦ (190) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 60 ¦ 19.3% ¦ 42.7% ¦ .5% ¦ 31.8% ¦ 5.7% ¦ (192) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 58 ¦ 11.2% ¦ 54.1% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 22.8% ¦ 10.9% ¦ (294) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 57 ¦ 14.4% ¦ 46.4% ¦ 5.2% ¦ 21.6% ¦ 12.4% ¦ (97) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 56 ¦ 14.8% ¦ 45.8% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 26.6% ¦ 11.8% ¦ (297) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 51 ¦ 20.1% ¦ 26.3% ¦ 7.7% ¦ 29.4% ¦ 16.5% ¦ (194) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Très ¦Importante¦entre les ¦Pas ¦Pas ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦importante¦ ¦deux, cela¦importante¦importante¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦du tout ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Very ¦Important ¦in between¦Not ¦Not impor.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦important ¦ ¦it depends¦important ¦at all ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 65 ¦ 22.6% ¦ 46.5% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 24.5% ¦ 3.4% ¦ (344) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 60 ¦ 18.4% ¦ 46.2% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 23.6% ¦ 9.5% ¦ (2605) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 63 ¦ 22.4% ¦ 46.3% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 20.8% ¦ 8.8% ¦ (1133) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 58 ¦ 15.4% ¦ 46.1% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 25.8% ¦ 10.1% ¦ (1471) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 62 ¦ 24.2% ¦ 43.1% ¦ 1.3% ¦ 20.3% ¦ 11.2% ¦ (852) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 64 ¦ 22.1% ¦ 46.6% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 22.3% ¦ 7.2% ¦ (583) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 59 ¦ 15.6% ¦ 47.1% ¦ 2.9% ¦ 26.8% ¦ 7.6% ¦ (1067) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 57 ¦ 11.4% ¦ 49.7% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 25.8% ¦ 10.1% ¦ (410) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 59 ¦ 17.4% ¦ 45.5% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 23.6% ¦ 11.1% ¦ (1393) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 62 ¦ 18.5% ¦ 49.5% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 22.6% ¦ 7.4% ¦ (651) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 63 ¦ 22.1% ¦ 45.5% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 24.1% ¦ 6.5% ¦ (544) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 61 ¦ 20.2% ¦ 43.1% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 26.9% ¦ 6.2% ¦ (290) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 61 ¦ 19.7% ¦ 45.4% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 8.0% ¦ (1473) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 58 ¦ 16.4% ¦ 46.0% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 23.4% ¦ 11.4% ¦ (529) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 61 ¦ 18.8% ¦ 47.5% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 22.9% ¦ 8.2% ¦ (512) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 60 ¦ 20.3% ¦ 45.1% ¦ 1.4% ¦ 23.0% ¦ 10.4% ¦ (250) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 62 ¦ 17.5% ¦ 51.8% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 20.6% ¦ 8.1% ¦ (169) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 59

4.2.

The importance of exchanges and networking between companies

*

Overall picture: Forms of networking between innovators were regarded as important by two managers out of every three (65.1%), with the average attitude indicator standing at 61 points.

Q 4.2 The importance of exchanges and networking between companies for innovation

76 72 71 69 67 64 62 62

SW GR FIN P L ÖS SP D UE

61

I B NL F IRL UK DK

60 60 60 58 57 56 51 0

25 Index:

0 = not important at all

50

75

100

100 = very important

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.10

*

Breakdown by country: The importance of networking between innovators is recognised in every country. Even in the country with the greatest reservations (Denmark) the attitude index is slightly positive, at 51 points. All the other countries attach far greater importance to this aspect. In Sweden, the country where managers set greatest store by networking, the index stands at 76 points.

*

Breakdown by company category: Attitudes on the importance of exchanges and networking between companies do not depend on company profile.

60

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 4.3 Multiplier les opportunités pour ces nouvelles méthodes de coopération avec d'autres innovateurs dans l'Union européenne, cela pourrait-il aider votre entreprise à devenir plus innovante ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------4.3. If you had more opportunities for these new methods of networking with other innovators within the European Union, could this help your company to become more innovative: ... ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 59 ¦ 20.3% ¦ 42.5% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 22.2% ¦ 13.2% ¦ (2927) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 82 ¦ 51.5% ¦ 38.1% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 6.2% ¦ 3.1% ¦ (97) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 76 ¦ 35.7% ¦ 45.9% ¦ 6.1% ¦ 9.2% ¦ 3.1% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 75 ¦ 38.6% ¦ 44.1% ¦ .0% ¦ 11.7% ¦ 5.5% ¦ (290) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 67 ¦ 29.1% ¦ 46.3% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 12.6% ¦ 11.0% ¦ (309) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 64 ¦ 26.0% ¦ 40.6% ¦ 6.3% ¦ 16.7% ¦ 10.4% ¦ (96) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 61 ¦ 37.5% ¦ 26.1% ¦ 1.1% ¦ 13.6% ¦ 21.6% ¦ (88) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 61 ¦ 18.2% ¦ 47.6% ¦ 1.1% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 8.6% ¦ (187) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 58 ¦ 23.7% ¦ 38.6% ¦ .3% ¦ 22.4% ¦ 14.9% ¦ (295) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 58 ¦ 18.9% ¦ 38.3% ¦ 9.4% ¦ 23.3% ¦ 10.0% ¦ (180) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 57 ¦ 23.2% ¦ 33.3% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 28.3% ¦ 12.1% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 54 ¦ 17.5% ¦ 42.3% ¦ .5% ¦ 20.1% ¦ 19.6% ¦ (189) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 53 ¦ 11.6% ¦ 45.7% ¦ 1.4% ¦ 27.3% ¦ 14.0% ¦ (293) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 52 ¦ 16.0% ¦ 35.7% ¦ 4.1% ¦ 30.3% ¦ 13.9% ¦ (294) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 46 ¦ 9.7% ¦ 41.4% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 15.1% ¦ 31.7% ¦ (186) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 37 ¦ 11.9% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 9.3% ¦ 28.5% ¦ 32.6% ¦ (193) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 62 ¦ 20.1% ¦ 47.9% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 20.6% ¦ 9.8% ¦ (346) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 58 ¦ 20.4% ¦ 41.8% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 22.4% ¦ 13.6% ¦ (2581) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 59 ¦ 18.8% ¦ 46.0% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 20.5% ¦ 12.9% ¦ (1120) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 57 ¦ 21.6% ¦ 38.6% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 23.8% ¦ 14.2% ¦ (1461) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 57 ¦ 20.4% ¦ 40.7% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 15.6% ¦ (854) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 60 ¦ 21.1% ¦ 44.0% ¦ 1.4% ¦ 21.2% ¦ 12.3% ¦ (570) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 61 ¦ 21.2% ¦ 45.2% ¦ 1.5% ¦ 21.5% ¦ 10.5% ¦ (1067) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 53 ¦ 15.7% ¦ 39.4% ¦ 2.5% ¦ 25.1% ¦ 17.3% ¦ (400) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 53 ¦ 17.9% ¦ 36.9% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 24.9% ¦ 17.7% ¦ (1382) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 61 ¦ 21.0% ¦ 44.2% ¦ .8% ¦ 23.6% ¦ 10.3% ¦ (645) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 67 ¦ 25.0% ¦ 49.3% ¦ .7% ¦ 17.2% ¦ 7.8% ¦ (548) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 65 ¦ 21.9% ¦ 51.3% ¦ 1.3% ¦ 15.6% ¦ 9.8% ¦ (287) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 58 ¦ 19.7% ¦ 42.7% ¦ 1.1% ¦ 21.9% ¦ 14.6% ¦ (1471) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 56 ¦ 19.8% ¦ 39.5% ¦ .9% ¦ 25.6% ¦ 14.2% ¦ (519) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 62 ¦ 22.4% ¦ 43.0% ¦ 3.5% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 9.8% ¦ (503) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 57 ¦ 19.3% ¦ 40.1% ¦ 5.0% ¦ 22.1% ¦ 13.6% ¦ (252) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 66 ¦ 23.3% ¦ 50.0% ¦ .3% ¦ 18.8% ¦ 7.6% ¦ (167) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 61

4.3.

The potential impact of more opportunities for networking between innovators in the European Union

*

Overall picture: European managers expect greater opportunities for networking between innovators in the European Union to have a positive impact, with the average approval index standing at 59 points. The overall result thus closely matches the general attitude towards networking between innovators as discussed in the previous subsection. These two attitudes are indeed linked, as the coefficient of correlation between the two sets of responses is highly significant.

*

Breakdown by country: In the majority of Member States, the positive assessment of networking is matched by a positive view of the potential impact of more opportunties for networking at EU level. This applies, in particular to Greece and Portugal. In the case of Spain, Italy and, above all, Ireland the rating is even higher than the assessment for networking in general. In countries sharing somewhat greater reservations about networking in general, such as Denmark and the United Kingdom, the prospect of more opportunities for networking at European Union level does not give rise to great expectations either. Sweden is an exceptional case: it is the Member States which attaches the greatest importance to networking, but at the same time it is one of the countries least inclined to believe that greater opportunities for networking within the European Union will have a positive impact. Managers thus apparently feel that networking functions best between companies in one and the same country. Q4.3 If you had more opportunities for these new methods of networking with other innovators within the European Union, could this help your company to become more innovative: . ?

GR P SP I IRL FIN B

82 76 75 67 64 61 61

UE 15

59

F ÖST L NL D UK SW DK

58 58 57 54 53 52 46 37

0

20 0 = certainly not

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.10A

40

60 100 = certainly yes

80

100

62

*

Breakdown by company category: There are no major differences in attitude between the various company categories.

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 5.1 Selon votre expérience, vos banques et investisseurs sont-ils suffisamment prêts à soutenir vos efforts d'innovation ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------5.1. In your experience, are your banks and investors sufficiently ready to back-up your innovative efforts ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 70 ¦ 32.5% ¦ 42.8% ¦ 3.4% ¦ 13.6% ¦ 7.7% ¦ (2833) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 81 ¦ 56.7% ¦ 26.7% ¦ 4.4% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 2.2% ¦ (90) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 79 ¦ 46.8% ¦ 35.1% ¦ 8.5% ¦ 7.4% ¦ 2.1% ¦ (94) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 77 ¦ 50.8% ¦ 30.4% ¦ 3.9% ¦ 6.6% ¦ 8.3% ¦ (181) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 76 ¦ 39.5% ¦ 45.4% ¦ .5% ¦ 10.3% ¦ 4.3% ¦ (185) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 76 ¦ 35.3% ¦ 48.9% ¦ 4.2% ¦ 7.9% ¦ 3.7% ¦ (190) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 75 ¦ 35.1% ¦ 46.4% ¦ 5.2% ¦ 8.6% ¦ 4.8% ¦ (291) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 74 ¦ 42.3% ¦ 38.3% ¦ .6% ¦ 9.7% ¦ 9.1% ¦ (175) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 72 ¦ 50.0% ¦ 25.0% ¦ 2.9% ¦ 7.4% ¦ 14.7% ¦ (68) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 72 ¦ 37.1% ¦ 41.7% ¦ 1.4% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 8.3% ¦ (278) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 70 ¦ 39.7% ¦ 35.3% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 14.2% ¦ 9.8% ¦ (295) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 69 ¦ 28.3% ¦ 45.0% ¦ 4.8% ¦ 16.7% ¦ 5.1% ¦ (311) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 68 ¦ 28.1% ¦ 46.8% ¦ 3.2% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 7.6% ¦ (278) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 67 ¦ 34.0% ¦ 35.1% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 9.3% ¦ 13.4% ¦ (97) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 56 ¦ 21.5% ¦ 33.3% ¦ 3.2% ¦ 30.1% ¦ 11.8% ¦ (93) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 53 ¦ 16.9% ¦ 31.9% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 18.8% ¦ 18.1% ¦ (160) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 73 ¦ 37.5% ¦ 40.3% ¦ 3.4% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 4.9% ¦ (330) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 69 ¦ 31.8% ¦ 43.2% ¦ 3.4% ¦ 13.6% ¦ 8.1% ¦ (2503) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 72 ¦ 35.0% ¦ 43.1% ¦ 3.4% ¦ 11.9% ¦ 6.6% ¦ (1081) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 67 ¦ 29.4% ¦ 43.2% ¦ 3.4% ¦ 14.8% ¦ 9.3% ¦ (1422) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 70 ¦ 34.2% ¦ 41.9% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 13.3% ¦ 8.1% ¦ (790) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 72 ¦ 31.9% ¦ 46.2% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 4.9% ¦ (566) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 71 ¦ 34.7% ¦ 41.6% ¦ 3.2% ¦ 12.4% ¦ 8.1% ¦ (1044) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 65 ¦ 26.2% ¦ 43.8% ¦ 4.4% ¦ 16.8% ¦ 8.8% ¦ (397) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 69 ¦ 32.1% ¦ 42.7% ¦ 3.3% ¦ 12.7% ¦ 9.2% ¦ (1316) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 67 ¦ 28.1% ¦ 43.9% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 18.8% ¦ 6.1% ¦ (634) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 72 ¦ 34.2% ¦ 44.0% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 10.8% ¦ 7.4% ¦ (544) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 73 ¦ 37.1% ¦ 41.2% ¦ 3.9% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 6.3% ¦ (278) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 70 ¦ 33.7% ¦ 41.8% ¦ 3.3% ¦ 14.7% ¦ 6.5% ¦ (1417) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 71 ¦ 31.3% ¦ 48.0% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 10.9% ¦ 7.0% ¦ (500) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 68 ¦ 32.6% ¦ 39.6% ¦ 3.3% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 10.0% ¦ (494) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 67 ¦ 27.3% ¦ 45.2% ¦ 6.3% ¦ 11.8% ¦ 9.4% ¦ (249) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 67 ¦ 31.1% ¦ 41.7% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 11.6% ¦ (159) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 63

5.

THE FINANCIAL SIDE OF INNOVATION

5.1.

Back-up from banks and investors for innovative efforts

*

Overall picture Generally, banks and investors appear to provide good support for companies' innovative efforts: three out of every four managers share this opinion (75.3%), and the average attitude index stands at 70 points.

*

Breakdown by country:

Attitudes are positive in every European Union country, although two - Greece and Sweden - have slightly more reservations or are slightly more lukewarm than the others. Q 5.1 Are your banks and investors sufficiently ready to back-up your innovative efforts ? 81

L

79 77 76 76

IRL DK B ÖST SP

75

NL

74 72 72

FIN UK

70

UE 15

F

70

I

69

D

68 67

P

56

GR

53

SW

0

25

0 = certainly not

50

75

100

100 = certainly yes

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.11

*

Breakdown by company category: There are no major differences to report here. Worthy of note is the fact that even managers of new companies (under five years old) and of young companies (under ten years old) were satisfied with the financial back-up received.

64

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 5.2 Et diriez-vous que le système de taxation en [NOTRE PAYS] encourage suffisamment l'innovation dans votre entreprise ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------5.2. And would you say that the tax system in [OUR COUNTRY] sufficiently encourages innovation in your company ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 24 ¦ 3.6% ¦ 14.1% ¦ 3.2% ¦ 33.7% ¦ 45.4% ¦ (2848) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 62 ¦ 25.0% ¦ 41.7% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 15.5% ¦ 14.3% ¦ (84) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 57 ¦ 20.2% ¦ 35.1% ¦ 10.6% ¦ 20.2% ¦ 13.8% ¦ (94) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 54 ¦ 18.3% ¦ 39.1% ¦ 1.2% ¦ 23.1% ¦ 18.3% ¦ (169) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 34 ¦ 16.5% ¦ 7.6% ¦ 10.1% ¦ 25.3% ¦ 40.5% ¦ (79) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 33 ¦ 5.1% ¦ 23.1% ¦ 5.5% ¦ 32.2% ¦ 34.1% ¦ (273) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 33 ¦ 8.1% ¦ 9.8% ¦ 11.0% ¦ 49.1% ¦ 22.0% ¦ (173) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 31 ¦ 4.2% ¦ 20.8% ¦ 4.8% ¦ 35.6% ¦ 34.6% ¦ (289) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 29 ¦ 4.5% ¦ 18.5% ¦ 4.5% ¦ 31.5% ¦ 41.0% ¦ (178) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 27 ¦ 4.8% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 7.5% ¦ 38.5% ¦ 36.9% ¦ (187) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 22 ¦ 1.7% ¦ 12.6% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 38.1% ¦ 45.5% ¦ (286) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 18 ¦ 2.3% ¦ 6.8% ¦ 3.4% ¦ 37.5% ¦ 50.0% ¦ (88) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 18 ¦ 2.3% ¦ 10.3% ¦ 1.9% ¦ 28.9% ¦ 56.6% ¦ (311) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 17 ¦ 2.4% ¦ 8.7% ¦ .3% ¦ 32.9% ¦ 55.7% ¦ (289) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 17 ¦ 4.1% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 13.3% ¦ 21.4% ¦ 60.2% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 15 ¦ 2.1% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 7.4% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 68.1% ¦ (188) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 31 ¦ 3.8% ¦ 18.6% ¦ 4.4% ¦ 42.5% ¦ 30.6% ¦ (325) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 23 ¦ 3.5% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 32.6% ¦ 47.3% ¦ (2523) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 25 ¦ 4.5% ¦ 13.7% ¦ 3.5% ¦ 32.8% ¦ 45.5% ¦ (1083) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 22 ¦ 2.8% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 32.4% ¦ 48.7% ¦ (1440) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 27 ¦ 5.1% ¦ 16.2% ¦ 3.5% ¦ 32.1% ¦ 43.1% ¦ (808) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 23 ¦ 2.2% ¦ 13.2% ¦ 4.1% ¦ 34.3% ¦ 46.1% ¦ (568) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 23 ¦ 3.0% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 33.1% ¦ 48.1% ¦ (1041) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 25 ¦ 3.6% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 3.2% ¦ 38.4% ¦ 41.3% ¦ (400) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 24 ¦ 3.5% ¦ 13.7% ¦ 3.9% ¦ 32.3% ¦ 46.6% ¦ (1336) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 23 ¦ 3.5% ¦ 12.4% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 34.5% ¦ 46.7% ¦ (627) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 24 ¦ 4.1% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 35.9% ¦ 44.4% ¦ (538) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 27 ¦ 3.2% ¦ 19.5% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 34.0% ¦ 41.4% ¦ (284) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 24 ¦ 4.2% ¦ 13.0% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 34.5% ¦ 44.7% ¦ (1431) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 21 ¦ 1.9% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 29.2% ¦ 51.8% ¦ (501) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 28 ¦ 3.5% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 2.9% ¦ 34.0% ¦ 40.3% ¦ (499) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 24 ¦ 4.1% ¦ 11.7% ¦ 1.6% ¦ 40.1% ¦ 42.4% ¦ (248) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 20 ¦ 1.9% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 4.3% ¦ 29.2% ¦ 53.1% ¦ (155) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 65

5.2.

Fiscal measures in favour of innovation

*

Overall picture: The managers surveyed generally took a distinctly negative view of fiscal measures in favour of innovation. Almost eight out of every ten (79.1%) think that their country's taxation system does not do enough to encourage innovation in their company, and the average attitude index stands at a mere 24 points.

*

Breakdown by country: Happy exceptions to this highly negative overall picture in the European Union are Luxembourg, Ireland and the Netherlands, where on average it is felt that the taxation system provides sufficient encouragement for innovation. Q5. Would you say that the tax system in [OUR COUNTRY] sufficiently encourages innovation in your company ?

L IRL NL FIN UK SW SP B ÖST

62 57 54 34 33 33 31 29 27

UE 15

24 22 18 18 17 17 15

D GR I F P DK

0

10

20

0 = certainly not Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.11A

*

30

40

50

60

70

100 = certainly yes

Breakdown by company category Company profile has little bearing on managers' attitudes on this subject. The majors appear on average to take a slightly less negative view than SMEs, but this is merely a question of intensity of negative sentiment: managers of majors tend to reply "probably not" whereas managers of SMEs are more inclined to reply "certainly not". Both types of reply definitely point in the same direction.

66

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 5.3 Un accès plus large aux financements à l'échelle européenne (par le biais des bourses ou du capital à risque, etc...), cela intéresserait-il votre entreprise dans ses efforts d'innovation ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------5.3. Could a broader European scale access to financing (via stock markets, venture capital, etc) interest your company for its innovation efforts ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 47 ¦ 18.3% ¦ 27.6% ¦ 1.9% ¦ 28.6% ¦ 23.6% ¦ (2915) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 71 ¦ 35.6% ¦ 41.1% ¦ 3.3% ¦ 12.2% ¦ 7.8% ¦ (90) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 65 ¦ 27.0% ¦ 42.0% ¦ 7.0% ¦ 13.0% ¦ 11.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 61 ¦ 29.0% ¦ 35.3% ¦ .7% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 13.6% ¦ (286) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 58 ¦ 27.1% ¦ 32.6% ¦ 1.3% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 17.7% ¦ (310) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 49 ¦ 13.1% ¦ 25.7% ¦ 9.7% ¦ 47.4% ¦ 4.0% ¦ (175) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 49 ¦ 22.3% ¦ 25.3% ¦ .3% ¦ 29.4% ¦ 22.6% ¦ (296) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 48 ¦ 11.4% ¦ 33.2% ¦ 7.6% ¦ 31.5% ¦ 16.3% ¦ (184) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 43 ¦ 14.1% ¦ 23.9% ¦ 4.3% ¦ 34.8% ¦ 22.8% ¦ (92) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 43 ¦ 26.9% ¦ 9.7% ¦ 1.1% ¦ 32.3% ¦ 30.1% ¦ (93) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 42 ¦ 25.0% ¦ 16.7% ¦ 4.8% ¦ 9.5% ¦ 44.0% ¦ (84) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 42 ¦ 12.9% ¦ 26.9% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 32.3% ¦ 26.2% ¦ (294) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 40 ¦ 15.0% ¦ 20.7% ¦ 6.7% ¦ 23.3% ¦ 34.2% ¦ (193) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 38 ¦ 10.8% ¦ 22.6% ¦ 1.4% ¦ 37.5% ¦ 27.8% ¦ (288) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 37 ¦ 14.7% ¦ 16.3% ¦ .5% ¦ 40.2% ¦ 28.3% ¦ (184) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 30 ¦ 13.3% ¦ 11.7% ¦ .5% ¦ 29.3% ¦ 45.2% ¦ (188) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 45 ¦ 17.3% ¦ 23.9% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 35.9% ¦ 20.8% ¦ (342) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 47 ¦ 18.5% ¦ 28.1% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 27.7% ¦ 24.0% ¦ (2573) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 47 ¦ 17.2% ¦ 29.2% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 26.1% ¦ 25.4% ¦ (1109) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 48 ¦ 19.4% ¦ 27.2% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 28.9% ¦ 22.8% ¦ (1463) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 44 ¦ 17.3% ¦ 25.0% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 28.6% ¦ 28.0% ¦ (837) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 46 ¦ 17.7% ¦ 25.7% ¦ 3.5% ¦ 30.1% ¦ 23.0% ¦ (574) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 51 ¦ 20.9% ¦ 30.1% ¦ 1.4% ¦ 26.4% ¦ 21.2% ¦ (1062) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 45 ¦ 13.0% ¦ 30.3% ¦ 2.7% ¦ 31.6% ¦ 22.2% ¦ (407) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 45 ¦ 17.0% ¦ 26.1% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 28.5% ¦ 26.3% ¦ (1372) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 46 ¦ 17.4% ¦ 28.0% ¦ 1.5% ¦ 27.3% ¦ 25.7% ¦ (642) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 53 ¦ 20.5% ¦ 32.3% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 30.5% ¦ 15.0% ¦ (555) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 50 ¦ 23.0% ¦ 24.9% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 28.3% ¦ 22.0% ¦ (285) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 44 ¦ 16.9% ¦ 25.3% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 28.6% ¦ 26.7% ¦ (1454) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 47 ¦ 19.6% ¦ 26.4% ¦ 1.5% ¦ 27.3% ¦ 25.2% ¦ (514) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 50 ¦ 20.0% ¦ 29.4% ¦ .9% ¦ 30.6% ¦ 19.1% ¦ (507) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 51 ¦ 16.0% ¦ 34.8% ¦ 1.0% ¦ 33.3% ¦ 14.9% ¦ (255) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 57 ¦ 25.4% ¦ 34.9% ¦ .6% ¦ 21.5% ¦ 17.6% ¦ (169) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 67

5.3.

The potential impact of broader access to European funding

*

Overall picture: As regards the opportunities which could be opened up by the development of European stock markets and greater access to venture capital to fund innovations, managers' reactions vary considerably from one country to another. On average, the attitude in the European Union is slightly negative (average index of 47 points). While 52.2% of managers would be interested, 45.9% are of the opposite persuasion. However, respondents in four countries expressed a considerable interest in financing conditions being improved.

Q.5.3 Could a broader European-scale access to financing (via stock markets, venture capital, etc) interest your company for its innovation efforts ?

GR P SP I SW F ÖST

71 65 61 58 49 49 48

UE 15

47 43 43 42 42 40 38 37 30

IRL L FIN D DK UK B NL 0

25 Index:

0 = certainly not

50

75

100

100 = certainly yes

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.11B

*

Breakdown by country: Underlying the balance that averages out between these two attitudes at European Union level are widely differing national results. Four countries come out clearly in favour of broader access to European funding: Greece, Portugal, Spain and Italy. Three countries present a balanced picture closely matching the average - i.e. an even split between two opposing schools of thought: Sweden, France and Austria. In the majority of the remaining Member States, managers do not see what benefit broader access to European funding could yield for their companies. The most negative attitude in this regard is to be found in the Netherlands.

68

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 69

*

Breakdown by company category:

Company profiles appear not to have a major bearing on managers' attitudes towards this question of funding opportunities. Even larger SMEs, which might be expected to derive the greatest benefit from a broadening of access, responded no differently from the others. Companies less than five years old show a slightly more positive attitude.

70

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 6.1 En règle générale, comment pourrait-on décrire les attitudes de vos clients envers vos efforts d'innovation , ? Leurs attitudes sont-elles pour votre entreprise :......... ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------6.1. In general, how would you describe the attitudes of your customers to your innovation efforts ? Are their attitudes : .... ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Nettement ¦Quelque ¦entre les ¦Quelque ¦Nettement ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦motivantes¦peu ¦deux, cela¦peu démo- ¦démotivan-¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦motivantes¦dépend ¦tivantes ¦tes ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Clearly ¦Somehow ¦in between¦Somehow ¦Clearly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦driving ¦driving ¦it depends¦inhibiting¦inhibiting¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 77 ¦ 35.1% ¦ 50.4% ¦ 4.7% ¦ 7.0% ¦ 2.7% ¦ (2925) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 85 ¦ 53.6% ¦ 36.1% ¦ 6.2% ¦ 4.1% ¦ .0% ¦ (97) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 83 ¦ 45.9% ¦ 46.9% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 1.5% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (196) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 82 ¦ 46.1% ¦ 39.4% ¦ 11.4% ¦ 3.1% ¦ .0% ¦ (193) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 82 ¦ 50.5% ¦ 33.7% ¦ 9.5% ¦ 4.2% ¦ 2.1% ¦ (95) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 82 ¦ 43.1% ¦ 47.2% ¦ 4.2% ¦ 3.8% ¦ 1.7% ¦ (288) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 80 ¦ 43.6% ¦ 44.3% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 2.3% ¦ (298) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 79 ¦ 28.4% ¦ 63.9% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 4.4% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (183) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 76 ¦ 26.7% ¦ 54.9% ¦ 13.8% ¦ 4.6% ¦ .0% ¦ (195) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 76 ¦ 34.3% ¦ 43.4% ¦ 13.1% ¦ 9.1% ¦ .0% ¦ (99) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 75 ¦ 26.6% ¦ 60.3% ¦ 3.3% ¦ 7.6% ¦ 2.2% ¦ (184) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 75 ¦ 29.9% ¦ 53.4% ¦ 5.5% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 3.2% ¦ (311) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 72 ¦ 25.5% ¦ 48.0% ¦ 17.3% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 72 ¦ 20.5% ¦ 59.7% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 9.2% ¦ 2.4% ¦ (293) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 70 ¦ 17.0% ¦ 57.4% ¦ 17.0% ¦ 7.4% ¦ 1.1% ¦ (94) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 68 ¦ 23.5% ¦ 53.7% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 13.9% ¦ 6.5% ¦ (294) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Nettement ¦Quelque ¦entre les ¦Quelque ¦Nettement ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦motivantes¦peu ¦deux, cela¦peu démo- ¦démotivan-¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦motivantes¦dépend ¦tivantes ¦tes ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Clearly ¦Somehow ¦in between¦Somehow ¦Clearly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦driving ¦driving ¦it depends¦inhibiting¦inhibiting¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 80 ¦ 39.7% ¦ 49.1% ¦ 5.4% ¦ 4.4% ¦ 1.3% ¦ (340) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 77 ¦ 34.5% ¦ 50.6% ¦ 4.6% ¦ 7.4% ¦ 2.9% ¦ (2586) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 77 ¦ 34.9% ¦ 50.9% ¦ 4.5% ¦ 7.4% ¦ 2.3% ¦ (1120) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 76 ¦ 34.2% ¦ 50.4% ¦ 4.7% ¦ 7.4% ¦ 3.4% ¦ (1466) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 77 ¦ 34.8% ¦ 51.2% ¦ 4.8% ¦ 6.2% ¦ 3.0% ¦ (845) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 76 ¦ 32.7% ¦ 52.0% ¦ 3.7% ¦ 8.6% ¦ 2.9% ¦ (587) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 79 ¦ 38.4% ¦ 50.0% ¦ 4.0% ¦ 5.6% ¦ 1.9% ¦ (1060) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 72 ¦ 30.0% ¦ 48.2% ¦ 6.8% ¦ 10.8% ¦ 4.1% ¦ (401) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 74 ¦ 30.4% ¦ 52.1% ¦ 5.4% ¦ 7.8% ¦ 4.2% ¦ (1374) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 77 ¦ 33.4% ¦ 52.1% ¦ 5.0% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (639) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 82 ¦ 44.9% ¦ 46.1% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 4.9% ¦ 1.7% ¦ (556) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 81 ¦ 44.1% ¦ 44.0% ¦ 5.6% ¦ 6.2% ¦ .1% ¦ (286) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 77 ¦ 34.1% ¦ 51.8% ¦ 4.7% ¦ 7.3% ¦ 2.2% ¦ (1462) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 76 ¦ 35.8% ¦ 46.9% ¦ 6.0% ¦ 7.2% ¦ 4.2% ¦ (521) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 76 ¦ 35.6% ¦ 49.2% ¦ 3.9% ¦ 7.5% ¦ 3.9% ¦ (509) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 78 ¦ 36.8% ¦ 48.6% ¦ 5.5% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (254) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 82 ¦ 38.3% ¦ 56.0% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 1.4% ¦ 2.5% ¦ (164) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 71

6.

THE ROLE OF CUSTOMERS

6.1.

Customers as a driving force for innovation

*

Overall picture European customers are driving companies to innovate: 85.5% of managers share this view, and their average attitude index stands at the very high level of 77 points.

Q.6.1 In general, how would you describe the attitudes of your customers to your innovation efforts ? Are their attitudes : .... ?

FIN SW D L DK F NL

85 83 82 82 82 80 79

UE

77

IRL ÖST I B SP P GR UK

76 76 75 75 72 72 70 68 0

Index:25

0 = clearly inhibiting 50 100 = clearly driving

75

100

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.12

*

Breakdown by country: Given the high level of the average attitude indicator, it is not surprising that all countries, without exception, take a positive view of this question. Indeed, nowhere does the average index fall below 68 points, which is very high. Looking either just at the set of responses stating that customers are "clearly driving" or "somehow driving", or at the average attitude indices set out in the table above, we find that: -

it is in the three Nordic countries, Finland, Sweden and Denmark, but also in Germany and Luxembourg that customers are most widely seen as driving companies to innovate;

72

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 73

-

managers considering their customers to be less open to innovation are to be found in Greece, Spain, Portugal, Italy and, at the bottom of the table, the United Kingdom.

Leaving the United Kingdom aside, there appears to be a pronounced North-South contrast over this issue, but we should not lose sight of the fact that all opinions on customers are distinctly positive.

*

Breakdown by company category: Statistically speaking, managers' responses to this question vary little with company profile. It is noticeable, however, that managers of exporting companies and of companies under five years old feel that their clients provide a greater driving force for innovation.

74

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 75

6.2.

Where are the most innovation-oriented customers to be found?

Where, in the opinion of company managers, are the markets with high demand for innovative products? That is the question examined here. For results presentation purposes, the responses obtained from individual countries are categorised in the same way as for the question regarding access to advanced technologies (sub-section 2.3. above). 1. First, the position between the European Union, the United States and other countries was examined. 2. On the basis of the responses of the individual countries, the position within the European Union was analysed: "my own country" compared with "the other Member States of the European Union" 4. To this we added a further two response categories: those who are of the opinion that customer demand is at the same level everywhere, and those who do not know where customers could be found who are more interested in innovative products than are customers in their own country. This reclassified and complete table is presented at the end. We have thus exceptionally included therein persons who do not know where such customers are to be found, as we felt that this "uncertainty rate" was an important item of information.

76

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY TABLEAU 6.2.1 6.2. Dans quels pays les clients peuvent-ils être plus intéressés dans les produits innovateurs qu'ici en [NOTRE PAYS] ? [NE PAS LIRE - PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES] ### SYNTHESE EN CATEGORIES DE PAYS ### -------------------------------------6.2. In which countries may customers be more interested in innovative products than here in [OUR COUNTRY] ? [DON'T READ OUT - SEVERAL ANSWERS POSSIBLE] ### SYNTHESIS : ANSWERS GROUPED IN MAIN CATEGORIES ### ### LES « NE SAIT PAS / SANS REPONSE » EXCLUS DE LA BASE % ### « DO NOT KNOW / NO ANSWER » ARE NOT INCLUDED IN BASE % +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Dans son ¦Autre pays¦Total ¦Etats-Unis¦Autres ¦Le même ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦propre ¦de l'Union¦Union ¦ ¦pays ¦partout ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pays ¦Européenne¦Européenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦In own ¦Elsewhere ¦Total ¦United ¦Other ¦The same ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦country ¦in the ¦European ¦States ¦countries ¦everywhere¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Eur.Union ¦Union ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 14.9% ¦ 53.1% ¦ 67.7% ¦ 24.9% ¦ 24.3% ¦ 12.3% ¦ (1993) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 1.1% ¦ 73.7% ¦ 74.7% ¦ 11.6% ¦ 18.9% ¦ 6.3% ¦ (95) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 19.4% ¦ 38.8% ¦ 58.1% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 15.5% ¦ 23.3% ¦ (129) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 12.6% ¦ 51.4% ¦ 64.0% ¦ 27.4% ¦ 33.7% ¦ 10.9% ¦ (175) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 5.8% ¦ 65.2% ¦ 71.0% ¦ 21.7% ¦ 33.3% ¦ 2.9% ¦ (69) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 4.4% ¦ 63.7% ¦ 68.1% ¦ 23.5% ¦ 16.2% ¦ 16.2% ¦ (204) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 15.5% ¦ 55.5% ¦ 70.0% ¦ 25.9% ¦ 30.9% ¦ 7.3% ¦ (220) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 7.7% ¦ 94.5% ¦ 94.5% ¦ 22.0% ¦ 11.0% ¦ 3.3% ¦ (91) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 19.9% ¦ 45.7% ¦ 65.6% ¦ 18.1% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 21.3% ¦ (282) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 20.0% ¦ 56.9% ¦ 76.9% ¦ 10.8% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 9.2% ¦ (65) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 13.0% ¦ 49.6% ¦ 62.6% ¦ 18.3% ¦ 21.7% ¦ 15.7% ¦ (115) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 18.7% ¦ 42.4% ¦ 61.2% ¦ 8.6% ¦ 20.1% ¦ 23.0% ¦ (139) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 8.3% ¦ 70.8% ¦ 79.2% ¦ 18.1% ¦ 13.9% ¦ 11.1% ¦ (72) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 16.1% ¦ 55.4% ¦ 71.4% ¦ 16.1% ¦ 44.6% ¦ 8.9% ¦ (56) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 31.6% ¦ 36.0% ¦ 67.5% ¦ 7.0% ¦ 23.7% ¦ 17.5% ¦ (114) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 22.0% ¦ 53.1% ¦ 75.1% ¦ 38.4% ¦ 20.9% ¦ 4.0% ¦ (177) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Dans son ¦Autre pays¦Total ¦Etats-Unis¦Autres ¦Le même ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦propre ¦de l'Union¦Union ¦ ¦pays ¦partout ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pays ¦Européenne¦Européenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦In own ¦Elsewhere ¦Total ¦United ¦Other ¦The same ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦country ¦in the ¦European ¦States ¦countries ¦everywhere¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Eur.Union ¦Union ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 16.2% ¦ 53.4% ¦ 68.8% ¦ 31.6% ¦ 31.1% ¦ 11.8% ¦ (260) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 14.7% ¦ 53.1% ¦ 67.5% ¦ 23.9% ¦ 23.3% ¦ 12.4% ¦ (1733) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 16.7% ¦ 52.3% ¦ 68.8% ¦ 26.5% ¦ 24.8% ¦ 11.0% ¦ (754) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 13.1% ¦ 53.6% ¦ 66.6% ¦ 21.8% ¦ 22.2% ¦ 13.5% ¦ (980) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 14.5% ¦ 49.4% ¦ 63.8% ¦ 30.2% ¦ 27.5% ¦ 11.7% ¦ (526) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 17.7% ¦ 55.6% ¦ 72.8% ¦ 25.4% ¦ 23.4% ¦ 9.7% ¦ (370) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 13.8% ¦ 52.7% ¦ 66.2% ¦ 22.2% ¦ 23.9% ¦ 14.4% ¦ (857) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 15.4% ¦ 58.9% ¦ 74.1% ¦ 21.4% ¦ 19.0% ¦ 10.6% ¦ (222) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 19.9% ¦ 50.3% ¦ 70.0% ¦ 24.0% ¦ 20.2% ¦ 11.2% ¦ (805) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 14.0% ¦ 53.2% ¦ 67.2% ¦ 20.4% ¦ 27.1% ¦ 13.3% ¦ (411) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 11.2% ¦ 56.4% ¦ 67.6% ¦ 26.2% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 14.7% ¦ (472) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 8.2% ¦ 52.4% ¦ 59.8% ¦ 32.1% ¦ 33.1% ¦ 10.5% ¦ (263) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 15.9% ¦ 52.7% ¦ 68.5% ¦ 23.0% ¦ 24.0% ¦ 12.8% ¦ (1031) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 14.7% ¦ 53.2% ¦ 67.9% ¦ 27.3% ¦ 22.4% ¦ 10.0% ¦ (350) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 12.9% ¦ 53.2% ¦ 65.1% ¦ 27.0% ¦ 27.1% ¦ 12.1% ¦ (333) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 15.4% ¦ 48.0% ¦ 63.4% ¦ 23.3% ¦ 26.9% ¦ 15.6% ¦ (160) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 10.5% ¦ 62.6% ¦ 73.1% ¦ 30.2% ¦ 22.2% ¦ 11.1% ¦ (113) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 77

6.2.1.

Responses categorised by geographic blocs. ( Basis : actual respondents, Table 6.2.1)

*

Overall picture: The attitudes of company managers regarding the potential of markets in different geographical areas - national market, other EU countries, non-EU countries - are set out in Table 6.2.1. In the opinion of 67.7% of European managers, innovative customers are to be found in the European Union, while 24.9% of managers feel they are in the USA and 24.3% reckon they are in other countries. It should be noted that, in the European Union, only a limited number of managers (15%) feel that the customers providing the greatest demand for innovative products are those in their own country. On the hand, it is true that the question was explicitly designed to encourage managers to think in terms of customers beyond their own national borders.

*

Breakdown by country: As regards expectations on non-EU markets, it is managers in Germany, Finland, the United Kingdom, France and Greece, in particular, who expect the most from innovative customers outside the European Union. The European Union (including the country of the company surveyed) is, in every case, mentioned by the absolute majority of managers as the geographic area where customers are the driving force behind innovation: between 58.1% in Denmark and 94.5% in Ireland expect to find customers there who are more interested in innovation than are those elsewhere. Within the European Union, managers more often feel that customers driving innovation are to be found in other EU countries rather than in their own. This is a general trend, and is most pronounced in the case of Ireland, Belgium, Greece, Spain and Portugal.

*

Breakdown by company category: Attitudes vary little from one company category to the next. Overall, the European Union is always perceived as the geographic area in which companies stand the best chance of finding innovative customers. Exporting companies are slightly less inclined than others to cite their own country, and more frequently mention the United States and non-EU countries.

78

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY TABLEAU 6.2.2 6.2. Dans quels pays les clients peuvent-ils être plus intéressés dans les produits innovateurs qu'ici en [NOTRE PAYS] ? ### DETAILS DES PAYS DE L'UNION EUROPEENNE (« NOTRE PAYS » REAFFECTES) ### -------------------------------------6.2. In which countries may customers be more interested in innovative products than here in [OUR COUNTRY] ? ### DETAILS FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION (« OUR COUNTRY » REAFFECTED) ### ### BASE % = ONT CITE AU MOINS UN PAYS UNION EUROPEENNE ### BASE % = MENTIONED AT LEAST ONE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRY +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Belgi¦Dane ¦Alle ¦Grèce¦Espa ¦Fin ¦Fran ¦Irlan¦Ita ¦Luxem¦Pays-¦Autri¦Portu¦Suède¦Roy. ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦que ¦mark ¦magne¦ ¦gne ¦lande¦ce ¦de ¦lie ¦bourg¦Bas ¦che ¦gal ¦ ¦Uni ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Bel ¦Den ¦Ger ¦Gree ¦Spain¦Fin ¦Fran ¦Ire ¦Italy¦Luxem¦Nethe¦Aus ¦Portu¦Swe ¦U.K. ¦ ¦ ¦gium ¦mark ¦many ¦ce ¦ ¦land ¦ce ¦land ¦ ¦burg ¦rland¦tria ¦gal ¦den ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 7% ¦ 5% ¦ 43% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 4% ¦ 30% ¦ 2% ¦ 19% ¦ 3% ¦ 15% ¦ 5% ¦ 2% ¦ 8% ¦ 22% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 3% ¦ 4% ¦ 51% ¦ 1% ¦ 10% ¦ 4% ¦ 39% ¦ 1% ¦ 14% ¦ 6% ¦ 39% ¦ 3% ¦ 3% ¦ 4% ¦ 20% ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 5% ¦ 33% ¦ 40% ¦ 3% ¦ 5% ¦ 8% ¦ 13% ¦ 3% ¦ 11% ¦ 3% ¦ 12% ¦ 3% ¦ 4% ¦ 16% ¦ 17% ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 10% ¦ 5% ¦ 27% ¦ 2% ¦ 9% ¦ 5% ¦ 29% ¦ 2% ¦ 14% ¦ 6% ¦ 25% ¦ 10% ¦ 1% ¦ 9% ¦ 21% ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 6% ¦ 10% ¦ 65% ¦ 8% ¦ 10% ¦ 4% ¦ 39% ¦ 2% ¦ 33% ¦ 2% ¦ 22% ¦ 6% ¦ 0% ¦ 12% ¦ 33% ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 61% ¦ 2% ¦ 6% ¦ 3% ¦ 50% ¦ 0% ¦ 19% ¦ 1% ¦ 10% ¦ 3% ¦ 6% ¦ 6% ¦ 22% ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 5% ¦ 20% ¦ 33% ¦ 8% ¦ 5% ¦ 33% ¦ 13% ¦ 5% ¦ 13% ¦ 5% ¦ 13% ¦ 5% ¦ 8% ¦ 40% ¦ 18% ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 12% ¦ 3% ¦ 51% ¦ 0% ¦ 19% ¦ 1% ¦ 22% ¦ 1% ¦ 26% ¦ 4% ¦ 12% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 7% ¦ 27% ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 2% ¦ 6% ¦ 22% ¦ 0% ¦ 5% ¦ 2% ¦ 8% ¦ 10% ¦ 9% ¦ 1% ¦ 86% ¦ 1% ¦ 0% ¦ 9% ¦ 17% ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 4% ¦ 3% ¦ 52% ¦ 3% ¦ 8% ¦ 1% ¦ 37% ¦ 1% ¦ 30% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 3% ¦ 1% ¦ 2% ¦ 16% ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 26% ¦ 4% ¦ 42% ¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 4% ¦ 30% ¦ 2% ¦ 6% ¦ 32% ¦ 8% ¦ 4% ¦ 4% ¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 8% ¦ 8% ¦ 46% ¦ 1% ¦ 4% ¦ 1% ¦ 15% ¦ 0% ¦ 6% ¦ 0% ¦ 29% ¦ 1% ¦ 1% ¦ 11% ¦ 18% ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 1% ¦ 2% ¦ 55% ¦ 4% ¦ 8% ¦ 2% ¦ 12% ¦ 1% ¦ 19% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 31% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 6% ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 0% ¦ 9% ¦ 30% ¦ 0% ¦ 35% ¦ 2% ¦ 37% ¦ 0% ¦ 21% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 11% ¦ 5% ¦ 14% ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 3% ¦ 19% ¦ 25% ¦ 1% ¦ 1% ¦ 18% ¦ 5% ¦ 0% ¦ 9% ¦ 0% ¦ 4% ¦ 0% ¦ 0% ¦ 48% ¦ 13% ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 45% ¦ 2% ¦ 4% ¦ 5% ¦ 27% ¦ 3% ¦ 8% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 2% ¦ 2% ¦ 5% ¦ 31% ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Belgi¦Dane ¦Alle ¦Grèce¦Espa ¦Fin ¦Fran ¦Irlan¦Ita ¦Luxem¦Pays-¦Autri¦Portu¦Suède¦Roy. ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦que ¦mark ¦magne¦ ¦gne ¦lande¦ce ¦de ¦lie ¦bourg¦Bas ¦che ¦gal ¦ ¦Uni ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Bel ¦Den ¦Ger ¦Gree ¦Spain¦Fin ¦Fran ¦Ire ¦Italy¦Luxem¦Nethe¦Aus ¦Portu¦Swe ¦U.K. ¦ ¦ ¦gium ¦mark ¦many ¦ce ¦ ¦land ¦ce ¦land ¦ ¦burg ¦rland¦tria ¦gal ¦den ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 5% ¦ 5% ¦ 51% ¦ 1% ¦ 7% ¦ 5% ¦ 26% ¦ 1% ¦ 15% ¦ 3% ¦ 10% ¦ 4% ¦ 1% ¦ 9% ¦ 25% ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 7% ¦ 5% ¦ 42% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 3% ¦ 30% ¦ 2% ¦ 19% ¦ 3% ¦ 16% ¦ 5% ¦ 3% ¦ 7% ¦ 21% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 7% ¦ 5% ¦ 43% ¦ 3% ¦ 11% ¦ 4% ¦ 32% ¦ 2% ¦ 17% ¦ 3% ¦ 16% ¦ 6% ¦ 3% ¦ 9% ¦ 22% ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 7% ¦ 5% ¦ 40% ¦ 1% ¦ 10% ¦ 3% ¦ 29% ¦ 1% ¦ 21% ¦ 3% ¦ 15% ¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 6% ¦ 21% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 7% ¦ 6% ¦ 41% ¦ 3% ¦ 9% ¦ 6% ¦ 27% ¦ 2% ¦ 12% ¦ 4% ¦ 20% ¦ 4% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 29% ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 7% ¦ 4% ¦ 37% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 3% ¦ 32% ¦ 1% ¦ 23% ¦ 2% ¦ 14% ¦ 4% ¦ 3% ¦ 6% ¦ 24% ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 7% ¦ 3% ¦ 47% ¦ 1% ¦ 11% ¦ 3% ¦ 29% ¦ 2% ¦ 23% ¦ 2% ¦ 11% ¦ 5% ¦ 2% ¦ 6% ¦ 18% ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 6% ¦ 6% ¦ 42% ¦ 2% ¦ 7% ¦ 3% ¦ 34% ¦ 1% ¦ 12% ¦ 3% ¦ 18% ¦ 7% ¦ 2% ¦ 9% ¦ 16% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 6% ¦ 5% ¦ 39% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 3% ¦ 29% ¦ 2% ¦ 16% ¦ 3% ¦ 16% ¦ 4% ¦ 3% ¦ 7% ¦ 21% ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 8% ¦ 4% ¦ 42% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 5% ¦ 26% ¦ 1% ¦ 23% ¦ 3% ¦ 13% ¦ 9% ¦ 2% ¦ 7% ¦ 23% ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 8% ¦ 6% ¦ 44% ¦ 1% ¦ 9% ¦ 4% ¦ 30% ¦ 3% ¦ 16% ¦ 3% ¦ 13% ¦ 4% ¦ 1% ¦ 11% ¦ 23% ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 5% ¦ 3% ¦ 58% ¦ 3% ¦ 9% ¦ 2% ¦ 40% ¦ 1% ¦ 22% ¦ 1% ¦ 14% ¦ 3% ¦ 1% ¦ 4% ¦ 22% ¦ +--------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 8% ¦ 5% ¦ 40% ¦ 2% ¦ 9% ¦ 4% ¦ 31% ¦ 2% ¦ 18% ¦ 3% ¦ 18% ¦ 7% ¦ 2% ¦ 9% ¦ 21% ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 3% ¦ 5% ¦ 46% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 3% ¦ 29% ¦ 1% ¦ 21% ¦ 1% ¦ 11% ¦ 2% ¦ 3% ¦ 7% ¦ 22% ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 5% ¦ 5% ¦ 49% ¦ 1% ¦ 9% ¦ 4% ¦ 29% ¦ 1% ¦ 19% ¦ 3% ¦ 11% ¦ 3% ¦ 2% ¦ 6% ¦ 23% ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 7% ¦ 6% ¦ 40% ¦ 2% ¦ 10% ¦ 3% ¦ 26% ¦ 4% ¦ 12% ¦ 2% ¦ 12% ¦ 7% ¦ 4% ¦ 8% ¦ 26% ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 8% ¦ 1% ¦ 44% ¦ 5% ¦ 16% ¦ 2% ¦ 32% ¦ 0% ¦ 21% ¦ 6% ¦ 11% ¦ 1% ¦ 5% ¦ 4% ¦ 21% ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 79

6.2.2.

Responses for the European Union, country by country (Basis: Table 6.2.2)

*

Overall picture: The previous table sets out the opinions of managers who cited at least one EU 5 Member State (including their own country) as having customers who are more open to innovation: Germany stands out prominently as leading the field (see corresponding column in Table opposite) with 43%, followed by France (30%), the United Kingdom (22%), Italy (19%) and the Netherlands (15%).

*

Breakdown by country: There is a broad consensus regarding Germany, which is the country mentioned most frequently in 10 of the 15 European Member States. It is interesting to note the exceptions:

*

-

Germany itself, where France is mentioned slightly more often (!!);

-

Ireland, where the Netherlands is regarded as having the most innovative customers (86%);

-

Portugal, where France and Spain are mentioned more frequently than Germany;

-

Finland and Sweden, where Sweden is the country mentioned most often (Sweden is the only country to give a pro domo response to this question).

Breakdown by company category: Statistically speaking, company profile has no bearing on these national attitudes.

5

Third column of Table 6.2.1.. The percentages are thus based on responses from a total of 1.349 respondents. It should be borne in mind that the percentages add up to more than 100%, as more than one country could be mentioned by the same respondent.

80

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY TABLEAU 6.2.3 6.2. Dans quels pays les clients peuvent-ils être plus intéressés dans les produits innovateurs qu'ici en [NOTRE PAYS] ? [NE PAS LIRE - PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES] ### SYNTHESE EN CATEGORIES DE PAYS ### -------------------------------------6.2. In which countries may customers be more interested in innovative products than here in [OUR COUNTRY] ? [DON'T READ OUT - SEVERAL ANSWERS POSSIBLE] ### SYNTHESIS : ANSWERS GROUPED IN MAIN CATEGORIES ### +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Dans son ¦Autre pays¦Total ¦Etats-Unis¦Autres ¦Le même ¦(nsp/s.r.)¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦propre ¦de l'Union¦Union ¦ ¦pays ¦partout ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pays ¦Européenne¦Européenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦In own ¦Elsewhere ¦Total ¦United ¦Other ¦The same ¦(dk/n.a.) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦country ¦in the ¦European ¦States ¦countries ¦everywhere¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Eur.Union ¦Union ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 9.9% ¦ 35.2% ¦ 44.9% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 16.1% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 33.7% ¦ (3004) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ .5% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 35.9% ¦ 5.6% ¦ 9.1% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 52.0% ¦ (198) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 12.5% ¦ 25.0% ¦ 37.5% ¦ 10.5% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 15.0% ¦ 35.5% ¦ (200) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 7.3% ¦ 30.0% ¦ 37.3% ¦ 16.0% ¦ 19.7% ¦ 6.3% ¦ 41.7% ¦ (300) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 4.0% ¦ 45.0% ¦ 49.0% ¦ 15.0% ¦ 23.0% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 31.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 3.0% ¦ 43.2% ¦ 46.2% ¦ 15.9% ¦ 11.0% ¦ 11.0% ¦ 32.2% ¦ (301) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 11.3% ¦ 40.4% ¦ 51.0% ¦ 18.9% ¦ 22.5% ¦ 5.3% ¦ 27.2% ¦ (302) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 7.0% ¦ 86.0% ¦ 86.0% ¦ 20.0% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 9.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 18.0% ¦ 41.5% ¦ 59.5% ¦ 16.4% ¦ 13.2% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 9.3% ¦ (311) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 13.0% ¦ 37.0% ¦ 50.0% ¦ 7.0% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 6.0% ¦ 35.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 7.8% ¦ 29.7% ¦ 37.5% ¦ 10.9% ¦ 13.0% ¦ 9.4% ¦ 40.1% ¦ (192) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 13.0% ¦ 29.5% ¦ 42.5% ¦ 6.0% ¦ 14.0% ¦ 16.0% ¦ 30.5% ¦ (200) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 6.0% ¦ 51.0% ¦ 57.0% ¦ 13.0% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 28.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 9.0% ¦ 31.0% ¦ 40.0% ¦ 9.0% ¦ 25.0% ¦ 5.0% ¦ 44.0% ¦ (100) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 18.0% ¦ 20.5% ¦ 38.5% ¦ 4.0% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 10.0% ¦ 43.0% ¦ (200) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 13.0% ¦ 31.3% ¦ 44.3% ¦ 22.7% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 2.3% ¦ 41.0% ¦ (300) ¦ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Dans son ¦Autre pays¦Total ¦Etats-Unis¦Autres ¦Le même ¦(nsp/s.r.)¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦propre ¦de l'Union¦Union ¦ ¦pays ¦partout ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦pays ¦Européenne¦Européenne¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦In own ¦Elsewhere ¦Total ¦United ¦Other ¦The same ¦(dk/n.a.) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦country ¦in the ¦European ¦States ¦countries ¦everywhere¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Eur.Union ¦Union ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 12.0% ¦ 39.7% ¦ 51.2% ¦ 23.5% ¦ 23.2% ¦ 8.8% ¦ 25.6% ¦ (349) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 9.6% ¦ 34.6% ¦ 44.1% ¦ 15.6% ¦ 15.2% ¦ 8.1% ¦ 34.7% ¦ (2655) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 11.0% ¦ 34.5% ¦ 45.3% ¦ 17.5% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 7.2% ¦ 34.1% ¦ (1144) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 8.5% ¦ 34.8% ¦ 43.2% ¦ 14.1% ¦ 14.4% ¦ 8.7% ¦ 35.2% ¦ (1511) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 8.8% ¦ 29.8% ¦ 38.5% ¦ 18.2% ¦ 16.6% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 39.6% ¦ (871) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 11.0% ¦ 34.5% ¦ 45.2% ¦ 15.8% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 6.0% ¦ 38.0% ¦ (596) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 11.0% ¦ 41.8% ¦ 52.5% ¦ 17.6% ¦ 18.9% ¦ 11.4% ¦ 20.7% ¦ (1081) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 8.1% ¦ 31.1% ¦ 39.2% ¦ 11.3% ¦ 10.1% ¦ 5.6% ¦ 47.1% ¦ (420) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 11.3% ¦ 28.5% ¦ 39.7% ¦ 13.6% ¦ 11.5% ¦ 6.4% ¦ 43.3% ¦ (1420) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 8.8% ¦ 33.4% ¦ 42.2% ¦ 12.8% ¦ 17.0% ¦ 8.3% ¦ 37.2% ¦ (655) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 9.4% ¦ 47.1% ¦ 56.5% ¦ 21.9% ¦ 20.6% ¦ 12.3% ¦ 16.4% ¦ (565) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 7.4% ¦ 47.3% ¦ 54.0% ¦ 29.0% ¦ 29.9% ¦ 9.5% ¦ 9.6% ¦ (291) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 11.0% ¦ 36.3% ¦ 47.1% ¦ 15.8% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 8.8% ¦ 31.2% ¦ (1499) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 9.6% ¦ 34.6% ¦ 44.2% ¦ 17.8% ¦ 14.5% ¦ 6.5% ¦ 35.0% ¦ (538) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 8.3% ¦ 34.2% ¦ 41.9% ¦ 17.4% ¦ 17.4% ¦ 7.8% ¦ 35.6% ¦ (518) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 9.4% ¦ 29.4% ¦ 38.8% ¦ 14.3% ¦ 16.5% ¦ 9.5% ¦ 38.8% ¦ (262) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 6.9% ¦ 41.3% ¦ 48.2% ¦ 19.9% ¦ 14.6% ¦ 7.3% ¦ 34.1% ¦ (171) ¦ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 81

6.2.3.

Summarised responses, total sample (Basis: Table 6.2.3)

*

Overall picture: In this table, we are concerned for the time being only with the percentage of "don't knows". It emerges that, in the European Union, one manager in three does not know, or has never considered, whether there is a country where customers have a greater interest in innovative products than in their own country.

*

Breakdown by country: The proportion of don't knows is highest in Belgium (52.0%), and is also high in Finland, Sweden, Germany, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands (between 44.0% and 40.1%). Does this reflect an attitude of disinterest or simply a lack of curiosity? Probably a little bit of both. The lowest percentages of don't knows are to be found in Italy and in Ireland: it is in these two countries that managers have least trouble in identifying places where demand for innovative products is higher.

*

Breakdown by company category:

Overall, the proportion of don't knows is lower: -

at large companies (majors), in industry and at exporting companies.

As might well be expected, there is a very strong link in relation to this latter criterion.

82

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 6.3 Un meilleur accès aux autres marchés de l'Union européenne, plus intéressés par l'innovation, cela aiderait-il votre entreprise à lancer plus de produits innovants ? [LIRE - UNE SEULE REPONSE POSSIBLE] -------------------------------------6.3. Would a better access to the other EU markets more interested in innovation, help your company to launch more innovative products ? [READ OUT - ONLY ONE ANSWER] +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 49 ¦ 15.3% ¦ 34.9% ¦ 2.4% ¦ 25.3% ¦ 22.2% ¦ (2808) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 77 ¦ 44.2% ¦ 37.9% ¦ 5.3% ¦ 5.3% ¦ 7.4% ¦ (95) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 63 ¦ 24.8% ¦ 44.2% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 16.4% ¦ 12.0% ¦ (274) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 61 ¦ 25.3% ¦ 38.9% ¦ 6.3% ¦ 13.7% ¦ 15.8% ¦ (95) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 58 ¦ 22.5% ¦ 40.2% ¦ 2.0% ¦ 19.3% ¦ 16.0% ¦ (306) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 55 ¦ 35.4% ¦ 20.3% ¦ 3.8% ¦ 11.4% ¦ 29.1% ¦ (79) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 49 ¦ 20.7% ¦ 26.1% ¦ 8.7% ¦ 19.6% ¦ 25.0% ¦ (92) ¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 49 ¦ 17.7% ¦ 33.7% ¦ .6% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 23.4% ¦ (175) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 49 ¦ 16.6% ¦ 23.7% ¦ 7.1% ¦ 45.6% ¦ 7.1% ¦ (169) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 47 ¦ 18.0% ¦ 29.9% ¦ .7% ¦ 26.1% ¦ 25.4% ¦ (284) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 47 ¦ 15.5% ¦ 34.2% ¦ 1.1% ¦ 21.9% ¦ 27.3% ¦ (187) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 44 ¦ 10.3% ¦ 26.5% ¦ 11.9% ¦ 31.9% ¦ 19.5% ¦ (185) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 44 ¦ 24.2% ¦ 16.8% ¦ 1.1% ¦ 26.3% ¦ 31.6% ¦ (95) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 43 ¦ 7.5% ¦ 36.3% ¦ 1.8% ¦ 28.1% ¦ 26.3% ¦ (281) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 41 ¦ 11.6% ¦ 25.7% ¦ 3.6% ¦ 35.1% ¦ 23.9% ¦ (276) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 31 ¦ 10.5% ¦ 15.7% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 31.4% ¦ 39.9% ¦ (153) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦Certainem.¦Probablem.¦entre les ¦Probablem.¦Certainem.¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦MOYEN ¦oui ¦oui ¦deux, cela¦non ¦non ¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦0100 ¦ ¦ ¦dépend ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦MEAN ¦Certainly ¦Probably ¦in between¦Probably ¦Certainly ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦INDEX ¦yes ¦yes ¦it depends¦not ¦not ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(100) ¦( 75) ¦( 50) ¦( 25) ¦( 0) ¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 46 ¦ 12.0% ¦ 33.6% ¦ 3.4% ¦ 30.2% ¦ 20.7% ¦ (333) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 49 ¦ 15.7% ¦ 35.1% ¦ 2.3% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 22.4% ¦ (2475) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 48 ¦ 14.4% ¦ 34.4% ¦ 2.5% ¦ 25.1% ¦ 23.5% ¦ (1073) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 50 ¦ 16.7% ¦ 35.5% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 24.2% ¦ 21.5% ¦ (1402) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 42 ¦ 12.0% ¦ 27.8% ¦ 3.0% ¦ 28.6% ¦ 28.5% ¦ (805) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 49 ¦ 15.2% ¦ 35.7% ¦ 1.7% ¦ 25.2% ¦ 22.2% ¦ (540) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 57 ¦ 19.2% ¦ 41.6% ¦ 1.9% ¦ 22.1% ¦ 15.1% ¦ (1033) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 43 ¦ 11.5% ¦ 31.0% ¦ 2.9% ¦ 28.1% ¦ 26.4% ¦ (396) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 40 ¦ 11.0% ¦ 27.4% ¦ 2.2% ¦ 28.5% ¦ 30.9% ¦ (1311) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 54 ¦ 17.5% ¦ 37.8% ¦ 2.3% ¦ 27.9% ¦ 14.6% ¦ (611) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 59 ¦ 18.1% ¦ 47.0% ¦ 2.8% ¦ 17.1% ¦ 15.0% ¦ (541) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 61 ¦ 25.1% ¦ 38.7% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 12.4% ¦ (282) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 47 ¦ 14.6% ¦ 33.1% ¦ 2.5% ¦ 25.6% ¦ 24.2% ¦ (1396) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 47 ¦ 14.4% ¦ 34.2% ¦ 2.1% ¦ 25.6% ¦ 23.7% ¦ (507) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 52 ¦ 17.6% ¦ 36.0% ¦ 2.6% ¦ 24.8% ¦ 19.0% ¦ (482) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 53 ¦ 12.5% ¦ 43.8% ¦ 3.7% ¦ 23.1% ¦ 16.9% ¦ (246) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 55 ¦ 20.7% ¦ 36.8% ¦ .2% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 17.7% ¦ (165) ¦ +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 83

6.3.

The potential impact of better access to customers more interested in innovation in the European Union

*

Overall picture: The question as to the potential impact of better access to other markets in the European Union produced responses which were either very much in favour or reflected a high degree of indifference. While the majority of managers have a marked opinion on the subject, the average index is practically at the "neutral" level (49 points). This represents a balance of opposites, as virtually no-one actually has a "neutral" opinion on this matter. The balanced situation at European level is thus the net result of opposing trends running right across the various structures of companies and countries, as can be seen from the following.

Q.6.3 Would a better access to the other EU markets more interested in innovation, help your company to launch more innovative products ?

77

GR SP P I FIN

63 61 58 55

UE 15

49

IRL B SW F NL ÖST L D UK DK

49 49 49 47 47 44 44 43 41 31 0

25 Index:

0 = certainly not

50

75

100

100 = certainly yes

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.13

Breakdown by country:

In a first group of countries, Greece, Spain, Portugal and Italy, managers expect on average a great deal from easier access. It is interesting to compare this with the picture painted by these managers' views on the attitude of customers on their domestic markets (question 6.1) and regarding the acceptance of new products on markets in the different geographic areas (question 6.2). Indeed, managers in these countries were (on average) less inclined than those in others to believe

84

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 85

that their domestic customers were open to innovations. As regards geographical areas, the European market was the one considered to hold the greatest potential for innovative products, and managers in this group of countries had no difficulty in citing a whole series of EU countries where they expected a high level of acceptance for new products. Managers in another group of countries: Denmark, the United Kingdom and Germany, have more reservations on average. Germany leads the field - in the opinion of other countries' managers - when it comes to acceptance of innovations on the market, while German managers take the view that markets outside the European Union are particularly promising. Managers in the United Kingdom have greater reservations about customer motivation and regard the United States and other non-EU countries as being particularly important. In Denmark, companies seem to be concentrating on their own country: customers are considered to be fairly interested in innovation and managers cited few other EU countries where customers might be interested in innovations.

In short, managers' expectations differ markedly across the EU Member States. There is a noticeable consistency in the attitudes of the southern countries of the European Union: managers consider their customers less motivated for innovation (see point 6.1 above), and they expect most of the access to innovation-friendly markets. Other countries, such as the United Kingdom, do not fit into the pattern. British managers feel (on average) that innovation is not driven by local customers, yet they do not expect the opening up of more innovative markets to provide much impetus either.

*

Breakdown by company category: As can be seen opposite, the industrial sector, export-oriented companies and young enterprises stated slightly more often than others that they expected the opening up of more innovative markets to help them launch a greater number of innovative products. The differences are not great, however, and merely represent nuances of broadly similar attitudes. No opposing trends are to be found among the groups which we analysed.

86

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY 7. Pour conclure, nous aimerions savoir quels sont, dans votre entreprise les deux besoins d'innovation non satisfaits les plus importants, parmi les suivants : [LIRE -DEUX REPONSES ATTENDUES] -------------------------------------7. To conclude, we would like to find out what are the two most important unsatisfied needs for innovation in your company, among the following:.. [READ OUT - TWO ANSWERS EXPECTED] +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Ressources¦Accès à ¦Nouvelles ¦Ressources¦Partager ¦Protéger ¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦humaines ¦clients/m.¦technolo- ¦ finan¦& coopérer¦vos con- ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦ ¦innovants ¦gies ¦cières ¦ ¦naissances¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Find/mobil¦Access ¦Find/use ¦Find/mobil¦Knowledge ¦Protecting¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ise human ¦innovative¦new techno¦ise finan-¦sharing/ ¦your know-¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦resources ¦cust./mkts¦logies ¦cial res. ¦networking¦ledge ¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TOTAL UE 15 ================¦ 46.1% ¦ 39.0% ¦ 34.3% ¦ 25.6% ¦ 18.7% ¦ 11.2% ¦ 3.1% ¦ (2931) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE......................¦ 38.5% ¦ 38.5% ¦ 36.3% ¦ 20.1% ¦ 19.0% ¦ 17.9% ¦ .0% ¦ (179) ¦ ¦ DANMARK.......................¦ 36.5% ¦ 32.6% ¦ 21.3% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 12.4% ¦ 14.6% ¦ 13.5% ¦ (178) ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...................¦ 48.3% ¦ 39.1% ¦ 38.8% ¦ 24.8% ¦ 16.3% ¦ 10.9% ¦ 2.7% ¦ (294) ¦ ¦ ELLAS.........................¦ 46.4% ¦ 18.6% ¦ 36.1% ¦ 39.2% ¦ 15.5% ¦ 4.1% ¦ 3.1% ¦ (97) ¦ ¦ ESPANA........................¦ 38.9% ¦ 30.4% ¦ 22.9% ¦ 31.4% ¦ 20.1% ¦ 7.2% ¦ 6.1% ¦ (293) ¦ ¦ FRANCE........................¦ 46.8% ¦ 40.2% ¦ 33.2% ¦ 21.9% ¦ 16.6% ¦ 8.0% ¦ 3.0% ¦ (301) ¦ ¦ IRELAND.......................¦ 56.1% ¦ 34.7% ¦ 39.8% ¦ 14.3% ¦ 13.3% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ ITALIA........................¦ 38.6% ¦ 50.3% ¦ 31.5% ¦ 19.8% ¦ 20.8% ¦ 7.5% ¦ 4.2% ¦ (308) ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG....................¦ 63.9% ¦ 35.1% ¦ 17.5% ¦ 15.5% ¦ 17.5% ¦ 11.3% ¦ 1.0% ¦ (97) ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.....................¦ 24.3% ¦ 47.0% ¦ 45.4% ¦ 15.7% ¦ 40.0% ¦ 16.8% ¦ 2.7% ¦ (185) ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH....................¦ 44.9% ¦ 41.7% ¦ 33.2% ¦ 23.5% ¦ 18.2% ¦ 22.5% ¦ 3.2% ¦ (187) ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL......................¦ 35.7% ¦ 41.8% ¦ 26.5% ¦ 40.8% ¦ 21.4% ¦ 6.1% ¦ 3.1% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ FINLAND.......................¦ 46.9% ¦ 36.7% ¦ 40.8% ¦ 13.3% ¦ 34.7% ¦ 3.1% ¦ 2.0% ¦ (98) ¦ ¦ SWEDEN........................¦ 59.1% ¦ 28.5% ¦ 18.1% ¦ 13.0% ¦ 25.9% ¦ 8.8% ¦ 1.6% ¦ (193) ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM................¦ 56.9% ¦ 31.6% ¦ 35.4% ¦ 33.7% ¦ 19.8% ¦ 20.1% ¦ 2.4% ¦ (288) ¦ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦Ressources¦Accès à ¦Nouvelles ¦Ressources¦Partager ¦Protéger ¦Aucune + ¦ BASE % ¦ ¦ (Pourcentages horizontaux) ¦humaines ¦clients/m.¦technolo- ¦ finan¦& coopérer¦vos con- ¦que autres¦ ¦ ¦ (Horizontal percentages) ¦ ¦innovants ¦gies ¦cières ¦ ¦naissances¦/aut.rép. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦Find/mobil¦Access ¦Find/use ¦Find/mobil¦Knowledge ¦Protecting¦None more ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ise human ¦innovative¦new techno¦ise finan-¦sharing/ ¦your know-¦than other¦ ¦ ¦ ¦resources ¦cust./mkts¦logies ¦cial res. ¦networking¦ledge ¦/oth.answ.¦ ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== TYPES ENTR.- BUSINESS TYPES =¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Majors........................¦ 45.8% ¦ 39.2% ¦ 36.2% ¦ 22.0% ¦ 21.2% ¦ 12.0% ¦ 3.0% ¦ (345) ¦ ¦ PMEs / SMEs...................¦ 46.1% ¦ 39.0% ¦ 34.0% ¦ 26.0% ¦ 18.3% ¦ 11.1% ¦ 3.1% ¦ (2586) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PMEs - SMEs ================¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Empl.: 20-49..................¦ 48.8% ¦ 39.6% ¦ 33.5% ¦ 23.7% ¦ 18.6% ¦ 12.1% ¦ 2.8% ¦ (1126) ¦ ¦ Empl.: 50-249.................¦ 44.0% ¦ 38.4% ¦ 34.4% ¦ 27.9% ¦ 18.1% ¦ 10.3% ¦ 3.3% ¦ (1460) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== SECTEURS - SECTORS =========¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Services......................¦ 53.6% ¦ 32.9% ¦ 31.3% ¦ 25.1% ¦ 19.7% ¦ 11.7% ¦ 3.6% ¦ (853) ¦ ¦ Distribution..................¦ 46.6% ¦ 41.8% ¦ 31.4% ¦ 20.8% ¦ 21.6% ¦ 9.0% ¦ 2.8% ¦ (577) ¦ ¦ Industry......................¦ 41.4% ¦ 43.8% ¦ 36.9% ¦ 26.4% ¦ 16.2% ¦ 13.4% ¦ 2.8% ¦ (1062) ¦ ¦ Construction & Prim...........¦ 40.4% ¦ 36.8% ¦ 38.9% ¦ 29.1% ¦ 19.0% ¦ 8.2% ¦ 3.3% ¦ (407) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== PART EXPORTS - EXPORTS SHARE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0%...........................¦ 48.8% ¦ 33.9% ¦ 34.0% ¦ 27.2% ¦ 21.1% ¦ 7.9% ¦ 3.3% ¦ (1384) ¦ ¦ 1-10%........................¦ 41.2% ¦ 48.9% ¦ 32.5% ¦ 26.5% ¦ 17.9% ¦ 10.5% ¦ 2.4% ¦ (642) ¦ ¦ 11-50%........................¦ 47.5% ¦ 39.5% ¦ 35.2% ¦ 22.0% ¦ 15.4% ¦ 16.7% ¦ 2.9% ¦ (548) ¦ ¦ 51% &+........................¦ 42.5% ¦ 39.8% ¦ 37.9% ¦ 24.6% ¦ 15.3% ¦ 15.5% ¦ 2.9% ¦ (287) ¦ +--------------------------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------¦ ¦== EXISTE DEPUIS - ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ +30 ans / +30 years...........¦ 44.6% ¦ 41.6% ¦ 36.3% ¦ 22.9% ¦ 19.9% ¦ 9.5% ¦ 3.2% ¦ (1469) ¦ ¦ 21-30.........................¦ 47.0% ¦ 35.8% ¦ 32.8% ¦ 30.1% ¦ 16.7% ¦ 12.0% ¦ 2.1% ¦ (517) ¦ ¦ 11-20.........................¦ 46.4% ¦ 39.8% ¦ 31.0% ¦ 25.8% ¦ 19.1% ¦ 13.5% ¦ 4.1% ¦ (504) ¦ ¦ 6-10.........................¦ 47.2% ¦ 32.1% ¦ 36.1% ¦ 31.5% ¦ 16.9% ¦ 11.8% ¦ .5% ¦ (257) ¦ ¦ 0- 5 ans / 0-5 years.........¦ 52.0% ¦ 33.9% ¦ 26.7% ¦ 26.9% ¦ 17.0% ¦ 15.0% ¦ 5.7% ¦ (169) ¦ +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 87

7.

COMPANIES' PRINCIPAL NEEDS

*

Overall picture: None of the six aspects of innovation suggested dominates the managers' list of unsatisfied needs, but a clear hierarchy nevertheless emerges, as can be seen opposite.

Q.7.0 What are the two most important unsatisfied needs for innovation in your company, among the following:..?

46,1%

Human resources

39,0%

A c c ess to innov. customers

34,3%

New technologies

25,6%

Financial resources Know ledge sharing and netw orking

18,7% 11,2%

Protecting know ledge

3,1%

None more than others

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Flash EB 100 – Avril/Mai 2001 – Fig.14

*

Breakdown by country: Human resources come first everywhere, except in three countries: -

in Italy, human resources come second, behind access to innovative customers;

-

Portugal also puts access to innovative customers first, with financial resources second (relegating human resources to third place);

-

in the Netherlands, the order is very different from that in all the other countries, with human resources only fourth, behind access to customers, new technologies and knowledge-sharing/networking.

88

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 89

Apart from these special cases, the rest of the results show extremely similar attitudes between countries. While there are, of course distinctive features, e.g. Finland and Sweden mentioned knowledge-sharing/networking a little more often than the other countries, the variations are not so great as to be attributable to the narrowness of our survey base. The great similarity between results in the majority of Member States is more informative here than any minor differences.

*

Breakdown by company category: There are no major differences to report: attitudes with respect to priority topics for innovation are quite similar for all groups of enterprises.

+++

90

FLASH EUROBAROMETER 100 : INNOVATION MAI 2001 2001, MAY ECHANTILLON =========== +--------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦ Interviews ¦ PONDERE ¦ ¦ ¦ REALISEES ¦ EURO 15 ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦TOTAL UE 15.................¦ 3004 100% ¦ 3004 100% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE..................¦ 198 7% ¦ 61 2% ¦ ¦ DANMARK...................¦ 200 7% ¦ 40 1% ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...............¦ 300 10% ¦ 1022 34% ¦ ¦ ELLAS.....................¦ 100 3% ¦ 42 1% ¦ ¦ ESPANA....................¦ 301 10% ¦ 229 8% ¦ ¦ FRANCE....................¦ 302 10% ¦ 417 14% ¦ ¦ IRELAND...................¦ 100 3% ¦ 23 1% ¦ ¦ ITALIA....................¦ 311 10% ¦ 427 14% ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG................¦ 100 3% ¦ 5 0% ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.................¦ 192 6% ¦ 105 3% ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH................¦ 200 7% ¦ 60 2% ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL..................¦ 100 3% ¦ 81 3% ¦ ¦ FINLAND...................¦ 100 3% ¦ 26 1% ¦ ¦ SWEDEN....................¦ 200 7% ¦ 59 2% ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM............¦ 300 10% ¦ 407 14% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦SECTEUR D'ACTIVITE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Primaire (sans Agric.)....¦ 94 3% ¦ 80 3% ¦ ¦ Construction / Tr.Pub.....¦ 350 12% ¦ 339 11% ¦ ¦ Industrie.................¦ 1008 34% ¦ 1081 36% ¦ ¦ Distribution..............¦ 626 21% ¦ 596 20% ¦ ¦ Transports................¦ 158 5% ¦ 168 6% ¦ ¦ Finances, Assurances......¦ 94 3% ¦ 90 3% ¦ ¦ Communications............¦ 69 2% ¦ 58 2% ¦ ¦ Services entreprises......¦ 332 11% ¦ 350 12% ¦ ¦ Services consommateurs....¦ 232 8% ¦ 204 7% ¦ ¦ (Autres)..................¦ 41 1% ¦ 36 1% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦TAILLE (EMPLOI) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ De 20 à 29................¦ 690 23% ¦ 623 21% ¦ ¦ De 30 à 39................¦ 521 17% ¦ 534 18% ¦ ¦ De 40 à 49................¦ 355 12% ¦ 354 12% ¦ ¦ De 50 à 74................¦ 456 15% ¦ 473 16% ¦ ¦ De 75 à 124...............¦ 381 13% ¦ 395 13% ¦ ¦ De 125 à 249..............¦ 252 8% ¦ 276 9% ¦ ¦ De 250 à 499..............¦ 167 6% ¦ 174 6% ¦ ¦ 500 et plus...............¦ 182 6% ¦ 175 6% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦EXPORTATIONS (%) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0 % : rien................¦ 1352 45% ¦ 1420 47% ¦ ¦ 1 - 20 %.................¦ 852 28% ¦ 866 29% ¦ ¦ 21 - 40 %.................¦ 232 8% ¦ 264 9% ¦ ¦ 41 - 60 %.................¦ 146 5% ¦ 151 5% ¦ ¦ 61 - 80 %.................¦ 152 5% ¦ 122 4% ¦ ¦ 81 - 100 %................¦ 164 5% ¦ 109 4% ¦ ¦ (nsp/s.r.)................¦ 106 4% ¦ 72 2% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦EXISTE DEPUIS ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Plus de 30 ans............¦ 1482 49% ¦ 1499 50% ¦ ¦ Plus de 20 ans............¦ 503 17% ¦ 538 18% ¦ ¦ Plus de 10 ans............¦ 539 18% ¦ 518 17% ¦ ¦ Plus de 5 ans.............¦ 295 10% ¦ 262 9% ¦ ¦ 5 ans ou moins............¦ 169 6% ¦ 171 6% ¦ ¦ (nsp/s.r.)................¦ 16 1% ¦ 15 1% ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------+

SAMPLE ====== +--------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ ¦ Interviews ¦ WEIGHTED ¦ ¦ ¦ CONDUCTED ¦ EURO 15 ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦TOTAL EU 15.................¦ 3004 100% ¦ 3004 100% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦ BELGIQUE..................¦ 198 7% ¦ 61 2% ¦ ¦ DANMARK...................¦ 200 7% ¦ 40 1% ¦ ¦ DEUTSCHLAND...............¦ 300 10% ¦ 1022 34% ¦ ¦ ELLAS.....................¦ 100 3% ¦ 42 1% ¦ ¦ ESPANA....................¦ 301 10% ¦ 229 8% ¦ ¦ FRANCE....................¦ 302 10% ¦ 417 14% ¦ ¦ IRELAND...................¦ 100 3% ¦ 23 1% ¦ ¦ ITALIA....................¦ 311 10% ¦ 427 14% ¦ ¦ LUXEMBOURG................¦ 100 3% ¦ 5 0% ¦ ¦ NEDERLAND.................¦ 192 6% ¦ 105 3% ¦ ¦ ÖSTERREICH................¦ 200 7% ¦ 60 2% ¦ ¦ PORTUGAL..................¦ 100 3% ¦ 81 3% ¦ ¦ FINLAND...................¦ 100 3% ¦ 26 1% ¦ ¦ SWEDEN....................¦ 200 7% ¦ 59 2% ¦ ¦ UNITED KINGDOM............¦ 300 10% ¦ 407 14% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦ACTIVITY SECTOR ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Primary (Agric.excl.).....¦ 94 3% ¦ 80 3% ¦ ¦ Construction / C.Eng......¦ 350 12% ¦ 339 11% ¦ ¦ Manufacturing.............¦ 1008 34% ¦ 1081 36% ¦ ¦ Distribution..............¦ 626 21% ¦ 596 20% ¦ ¦ Transport.................¦ 158 5% ¦ 168 6% ¦ ¦ Finances, Insurances......¦ 94 3% ¦ 90 3% ¦ ¦ Communications............¦ 69 2% ¦ 58 2% ¦ ¦ Business Services.........¦ 332 11% ¦ 350 12% ¦ ¦ Consumers Services........¦ 232 8% ¦ 204 7% ¦ ¦ (Others)..................¦ 41 1% ¦ 36 1% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦SIZE (EMPLOYMENT) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 20 to 29..................¦ 690 23% ¦ 623 21% ¦ ¦ 30 to 39..................¦ 521 17% ¦ 534 18% ¦ ¦ 40 to 49..................¦ 355 12% ¦ 354 12% ¦ ¦ 50 to 74..................¦ 456 15% ¦ 473 16% ¦ ¦ 75 to 124.................¦ 381 13% ¦ 395 13% ¦ ¦ 125 to 249................¦ 252 8% ¦ 276 9% ¦ ¦ 250 to 499................¦ 167 6% ¦ 174 6% ¦ ¦ 500 and more..............¦ 182 6% ¦ 175 6% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦EXPORTS (%) ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 0 % : nothing.............¦ 1352 45% ¦ 1420 47% ¦ ¦ 1 - 20 %.................¦ 852 28% ¦ 866 29% ¦ ¦ 21 - 40 %.................¦ 232 8% ¦ 264 9% ¦ ¦ 41 - 60 %.................¦ 146 5% ¦ 151 5% ¦ ¦ 61 - 80 %.................¦ 152 5% ¦ 122 4% ¦ ¦ 81 - 100 %................¦ 164 5% ¦ 109 4% ¦ ¦ (dk/n.a.).................¦ 106 4% ¦ 72 2% ¦ +----------------------------+-------------+-------------¦ ¦ACTIVE SINCE ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ More than 30 years........¦ 1482 49% ¦ 1499 50% ¦ ¦ More than 20 years........¦ 503 17% ¦ 538 18% ¦ ¦ More than 10 years........¦ 539 18% ¦ 518 17% ¦ ¦ More than 5 years.........¦ 295 10% ¦ 262 9% ¦ ¦ Since 5 years or less.....¦ 169 6% ¦ 171 6% ¦ ¦ (dk/n.a.).................¦ 16 1% ¦ 15 1% ¦ +--------------------------------------------------------+

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 91

Annexes METHODOLOGICAL NOTE:

The methodology underlying this survey is that of the FLASH surveys conducted by the Directorate General Press and Communication (UnitB/1 "Opinion polls"), whose team was involved in drawing up the questionnaire and managed the survey. Dun & Bradstreet prepared the lists of suitable companies to be interviewed, drawing a sample from their European databases. Sampling was carried out according to three criteria: country, size of company and industrial sector. Within each cell defined by these criteria, companies were selected at random. For this FLASH survey, 3 004 company managers were interviewed by telephone between 23 April and 11 May 2001. The breakdown of this sample over the various Member States was agreed between the Commission and EOS GALLUP EUROPE, subject to two requirements: (1)

that the results obtained be as representative as possible of all the companies concerned (i.e. those employing at least 20 people) in the European Union;

(2)

that the results obtained enable a true picture to be formed of the situation in each of the 15 Member States of the European Union, even for the smallest among them.

These two requirements are contradictory. Given that, for budgetary reasons, a maximum total size was set for the sample, the goal of achieving best possible representativeness would mean having to distribute the interviews over the various Member States according to the number of suitable companies active in each country, which in turn would reduce the participation of some countries to a purely symbolic level. By contrast, the goal of achieving best possible comparability between countries would mean having to distribute the interviews uniformly, which would seriously reduce the accuracy of European-level results after re-weighting. The solution adopted thus necessarily represents a compromise between these two requirements. It was decided that 100 managers would be interviewed in the countries with the fewest suitable enterprises (Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, Portugal Finland), 300 in those with the most (Germany, Spain, France, Italy and the United Kingdom) and 200 in the other Member States of the European Union. The reader should bear in mind that the accuracy of each individual result depends on the size of the sample available. The accuracy of the overall result (for the European Union as a whole) is thus much better than that for each national or sectoral result etc. That is why we specify in the tables the "basis" on which each result was obtained (Attached as an annex to the survey data sheet is a table of confidence intervals). It is also necessary to explain how "non-responses" (don't know, no opinion etc.) are dealt with in our analysis. These non-responses may reflect hesitation, uncertainty or a lack of knowledge, the extent of which may be important for the purposes of the analysis. In this case, they provide useful information and they should be treated in the same way as actual responses. It is equally possible, however, that these non-responses are of no informative value, or that they are no more than a kind of "noise" stemming from a low rate of uncertainty and interfere with the "reception" of the information in which we are interested. In this case, they can be eliminated from the respondent base so as to achieve maximum accuracy with the content analysed.

92

Flash EB 100 « Innobaromètre » (23/04/- 11/05/2001) - Rapport p. 93

In this survey, careful examination of the responses identified only two questions for which the rate of uncertainty provided a useful piece of information (questions 2.3 and 6.2). Only in these two cases was the "don't know/no response" option included in the report. In all other cases, this option was removed, thus slightly reducing the statistical bases for the calculation of percentages. Readers who wish to consult the raw results before elimination of the "don't knows/non-responses" will find all of them in the volumes A/B already mentioned. Results obtained in the form of percentages were summarised as two descriptive statistical values: the median and the arithmetic mean. They were then regrouped according to the categories whose relative frequencies (percentages) are presented on the basis of the responses actually obtained. It should be remembered that the "MEDIAN" is the result which divides the responses into two halves. It does not depend on the values themselves: a company with 5% innovations has as much influence in determining the median as a company with 50%. By contrast, the latter will have ten times as much influence as the former on the calculation of the arithmetic mean of the innovations. If very small values far outnumber large values, the median will therefore be lower than the mean, all the more so as a few extreme cases - high values - can upset the balance of distribution. In this sense, the median is closer to what might be termed in current parlance the typical "AVERAGE CASE" of a population. The complete results of this survey were processed in accordance with the usual rules applying to the Eurobarometer Flash Surveys - Specific Target Groups A technical note on the interviews carried out by the 15 EOS GALLUP EUROPE institutes is attached as an annex to this document, as with each set of results published in a FLASH EUROBAROMETER by the Directorate General Press and Communication (Unit B/1 "Opinion polls"). This technical note sets out the arrangements for the interviews and states the confidence intervals (also referred to as statistical margins of error). ***