Doors and Windows - Description

required for hollow metal doors and frames. 9.0.4. Metal thickness of hollow metal ... construction project that does not include swinging doors—either wood or ...
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Section

9 Doors and Windows

Contents 9.0.0 9.0.1 9.0.2 9.0.3

9.0.4 9.1.0 9.1.1 9.1.2 9.1.3 9.1.4 9.1.5 9.1.6 9.1.7 9.1.8 9.1.9 9.2.0 9.2.1 9.3.0 9.4.0 9.4.1 9.4.2 9.4.3

Hollow metal doors and frames Classifications of hollow metal doors Standard opening sizes for hollow metal doors Hardware locations and reinforcing required for hollow metal doors and frames Metal thickness of hollow metal doors Dealing with hollow metal door installation problems Frame loose in drywall partition Frame loose in drywall partition (another condition) Improper door/frame clearances Door binding and sagging (hinge problems) Springing a twisted door Springing a twisted door (another method) Reswagging hinges Hinge binding against rabbet Thermal bow in a hollow metal door UL label off fire-rated door? UL label off fire-rated frame? Hollow metal door paint problems Wood veneer doors, stave lumber core—specifications and grades Wood veneer doors, particleboard core—specifications and grades Wood veneer doors—mineral core— specifications and grades Specifying ash, birch, maple face veneers for wood flush doors

9.5.0 9.5.1 9.5.2 9.6.0 9.6.1 9.7.0 9.8.0 9.8.1 9.8.2 9.9.0 9.9.1 9.9.2 9.9.3 9.9.4 9.10.0 9.10.1 9.11.0 9.12.0 9.12.1 9.12.2 9.13.0

Appearance of standard wood veneer cuts Matching of individual veneer skins Appearance of doors in pairs or sets Laminate-faced particleboard core doors—specifications and grades Laminate-faced mineral core doors— specifications and grades Wood door construction details Fire-rated wood door construction Fire-rated, sound-retardant, lead lined, and electrostatic shield doors Bullet-resistant wood doors Data required to order premachined wood doors Hardware and special reinforcing requirements Wood door glazing and louver options NWWDA’s architectural door code specification descriptions Sash and panel door parts nomenclature Installation of exterior wood swinging doors Defining fixed and hinged portions of French door assemblies Warp tolerance and telegraphing tolerances for wood doors How to store, handle, finish, install, and maintain wood doors Care and installation at the jobsite Finish system descriptions Glossary of wood door terminology 529

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9.14.0 9.14.1 9.15.0 9.16.0

9.17.0 9.17.1 9.18.0 9.19.0

Aluminum door types/sectional dimensions Aluminum revolving doors Windows—aluminum, wood, steel, and plastic Window performance grades and ANSI and NWWDA standards for wood windows Effect of glazing selections on heat gain Low-E glazing—illustration NWWDA air-infiltration standards Steps required to order wood/clad windows

9.20.0 9.21.0 9.22.0 9.23.0 9.24.0 9.25.0 9.26.0

Aluminum window wall—stick-built construction Aluminum window wall—shear block fabrication Aluminum window wall—screwspline fabrication Thermal movement and frame deflection Sloped glazing and skylight configurations Curtain wall—Quality Control checklist Interior glass/glazing Quality Control checklist

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Numerous configurations of doors and windows are in use in residential, commercial, and industrial construction today. Sliding, revolving, folding, and vertical rise doors are specified in some projects, but it is the rare construction project that does not include swinging doors—either wood or metal or laminate clad. This section emphasizes these latter three types. The materials of construction for widows include: wood, steel and aluminum, vinyl, fiberglass, and combinations of these materials. However, the availability of different window configurations allows for a multitude of fenestration configurations: single and double hung, fixed lights, casements, sliders, awnings, and pivots to meet specific architectural designs. This section is devoted to general window design and materials of construction. 9.0.0 Hollow Metal Doors and Frames Commonly referred to as hollow metal, these doors and frames are available in many standard sizes and configurations and any number of custom design variations. The design and classification standards are established by the Steel Door Institute (SDI) for grades, sizes, metal gauges, and hardware locations. 9.0.1 Classifications of Hollow Metal Doors Grade I-Standard-duty 15⁄8" and 13⁄4" (Level C) Model 1 Full Flush Design Model 2 Seamless Design Grade II–Heavy-duty 13⁄4" (Level B) Model 1 Full Flush Design Model 2 Seamless Design Grade III–Extra Heavy-duty 13⁄4" (Level A) Models 1 & 1A Full Flush Design Models 2 & 2A Seamless Design Model 3 Stile and Rail—Flush panel (By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

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Section 9

9.0.2 Standard Opening Sizes for Hollow Metal Doors

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

Doors and Windows

9.0.3 Hardware Locations and Reinforcing Required for Hollow Metal Doors and Frames

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

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9.0.4 Metal Thickness of Hollow Metal Doors

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

9.1.0 Dealing with Hollow Metal Door Installation Problems Whether the hollow metal frame are “set up and welded” or “knocked down” (KD), if they are not properly stored and installed in metal-framed drywall partitions or masonry openings, problems will arise, if not during actual construction, then certainly during the postconstruction period. Although the contractor might be diligent in supervising and inspecting the installation of hollow metal doors and frames, by their own forces or by a subcontractor, improper storage or less-than-adequate installation procedures can result in problems that require corrective action. Many of these problem installations can be corrected without total removal of either the door or frame.

Doors and Windows

9.1.1 Frame Loose in Drywall Partition

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

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Section 9

9.1.2 Frame Loose in Drywall Partition (Another Condition)

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

Doors and Windows

9.1.3 Improper Door/Frame Clearances

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

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Section 9

9.1.4 Door Binding and Sagging (Hinge Problems)

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

Doors and Windows

9.1.5 Springing a Twisted Door

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

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9.1.6 Springing a Twisted Door (Another Method)

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

Doors and Windows

9.1.7 Reswagging Hinges

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

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9.1.8 Hinge Binding against Rabbet

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

Doors and Windows

9.1.9 Thermal Bow in a Hollow Metal Door

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

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9.2.0 UL Label Off Fire-Rated Door? Fire-rated doors are an important element of compliance with building codes and fire-protection standards. Consequently, proper control of the labels that are attached to the doors is top priority for the manufacturer, code official, and labeling agency. The manufacturer must account for every label used and the label can only be applied at the manufacturer’s facility or at an authorized distributor of the manufacturer. These are the only places at which a label can be affixed to a product. Once the product is in the field, whether it’s installed or not, even the manufacturer is not allowed to attach labels unless a representative of the labeling agency has inspected the product for compliance with the manufacturer’s procedures. As you can see, not just anyone can attach labels to doors in the field and not just anyone can be in possession of fire-rating labels. Only authorized individuals can be in possession of fire-rating labels. Only authorized individuals can be in possesson of and attach labels to fire-rated products in the field. Anything other than this is illegal! All labels on fire-rated doors are located in the same place. Be sure that you are looking for the label in the right location. The label will be located on the hinge edge of the door between the top and middle hinge. If the label is not present, you should contact the distributor who provided the door. They, in turn, will initiate the appropriate action to correct the missing-label problem.

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

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545

9.2.1 UL Label Off Fire-Rated Frame? Like doors, fire-rated frames are an important element of compliance with building codes and fireprotection standards. Consequently, proper control of the labels that are attached to the frame is top priority for the manufacturer, code official, and labeling agency. The manufacturer must account for every label used and the label can only be applied at the manufacturer’s facility or at an authorized distributor of the manufacturer. These are the only places that a label can be affixed to the product by the manufacturer. Once the product is in the field, whether it is installed or not, even the manufacturer is not allowed to attach labels unless a representative of the labeling agency has inspected the product for compliance with the manufacturer’s procedures. As you can see, not just anyone can attach labels to frames in the field and not just anyone can be in possession of fire-rating labels. Only authorized individuals can be in possession of and attach labels to fire-rated products in the field. Anything other than this is illegal! All labels on fire-rated frames are located in the same place. However, it should be noted that some frames have an embossed label, rather than the surface-attached label. The embossed label is actually “stamped” into the frame rabbet. Whether the label is surface-attached or embossed, it is located in the same place, on the hinge jamb between the top and middle hinge. If the label or embossment is not present, you should contact the distributor who provided the frame. They, in turn, will initiate the appropriate action to correct the missing-label problem.

(By permission of the Steel Door Institute (SDI), Cleveland, Ohio.)

9.3.0 Hollow Metal Door Paint Problems Paint Peeling to Bare Metal

Two conditions must be considered when evaluating paint peeling to bare metal. Primer Paint Only

If the product is only primer painted, then poor adhesion between the primer and bare metal has occurred. This can usually be attributed to inadequate surface preparation before priming. The bare metal must be adequately prepared to ensure good primer paint adhesion. The door should be completely sanded, washed with an appropriate solvent, and reprimed. The sanding and washing operations should provide an adequate surface to ensure good primer adhesion. Primer Paint and Top (Finish) Coat

The failure could be caused by either poor surface preparation before priming or the use of a noncompatible finish paint, which has reacted with the primer and lifted all paint to bare metal. In either case, the corrective measures would be the same. The door should be completely sanded and washed with an appropriate solvent. The door should then be reprimed. Lightly sand the primer coat, wipe, and finish paint with a compatible top coat.

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In all cases, when the door is being prepared for top, finish-coat painting, the surface should be cleaned. Use the same solvent that will be used to thin top-coat paint and thoroughly clean all surfaces to be painted. Paint in Tapped Holes

Both hollow metal doors and frames have various holes that are drilled and tapped. These holes are in various components, such as reinforcements. All of the components are brought together as an assembly prior to the painting operation. There are a variety of painting methods which manufacturers can use. Some of these methods could result in a paint buildup in the tapped holes of the reinforcements. The buildup could, occasionally, make installation of the screw difficult. The buildup should be removed to make screw installation easier and assure that the screws are properly sealed. The best method of cleaning the tapped holes is to use an actual thread tap that matches the screw thread. It will easily cut through and clean the paint buildup by simply running the tap in and out of the hole. If the buildup is not as great and extra screws are available (or can be obtained) the screw can be run in and out of the hole to clean minor buildup prior to final screw installation. Water Stain Damage

Water stain damage is a direct result of improper storage of prime-painted products. If the product is still in primer (no finish coat has been applied), the condition is easily detectable: • Initially, the water stain appears as a discoloration or variance in sheen or gloss in the primer. A specific area or areas can be distinctly noticed, which look and possibly feel different from the rest of the product. • If the water stain has existed for a considerable length of time and was caused by enough water, rust will start to appear through the discolored areas. If the product has had a finish coat of paint applied, water stain damage can cause failure of the finish coat as well. • This condition can be detected by finish-paint failure randomly on the door, as well as the appearance of uniform rust development in those areas. In some cases, the finish paint will show good adhesion in those areas, but will also show a uniform layer of rust developing through the finish paint. These conditions can be attributed to improperly stored prime products that were exposed to water. • For products that are prime only, the affected areas should be adequately sanded. If necessary, the area should be sanded to bare metal.

Doors and Windows

9.4.0 Wood Veneer Doors, Stave Lumber Core—Specifications and Grades

(By permission of the National Wood Window and Door Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)

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Section 9

9.4.1 Wood Veneer Doors, Particleboard Core—Specifications and Grades

(By permission of the National Wood Window and Door Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)

Doors and Windows

9.4.2 Wood Veneer Doors—Mineral Core—Specifications and Grades

(By permission of the National Wood Window and Door Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)

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9.4.3 Specifying Ash, Birch, or Maple Face Veneers for Wood Flush Doors

(By permission from the Window and Door Manufacturers Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)

Doors and Windows

9.5.0 Appearance of Standard Wood Veneer Cuts

(By permission from the National Wood Window and Door Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)

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Section 9

9.5.1 Matching of Individual Veneer Skins

(By permission from the National Wood Window and Door Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)

Doors and Windows

9.5.2 Appearance of Doors in Pairs or Sets

(By permission from the Window and Door Manufacturers Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)

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Section 9

9.6.0 Laminate-Faced Particleboard Core Doors—Specifications and Grades

(By permission of the National Wood Window and Door Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)

Doors and Windows

9.6.1 Laminate-Faced Mineral Core Doors—Specifications and Grades

(By permission of the National Wood Window and Door Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)

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Section 9

9.7.0 Wood Door Construction Details

(By permission of the National Wood Window and Door Association, Des Plaines, Illinois.)