fiche anglais 6A - ANGLAIS CPGE

a dairy farm : une exploitation laitière ... animal abuse : la maltraitance des animaux fair trade ... animals and there is an need of these resources all over the.
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Chapitre 6-A : Wildlife and resources Milestones : -29 April 1961 : creation of the WWF (World Wildlife Fund), a NGO dedicated to the protection of the environment -1971 : foundation of Greenpeace that fight against the main threats to biodiversity and environment -1977 : creation of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society ( SSCS) a NGO that aims to preserve nature especially in the sea -Started in 2014, Bring Back the Bees, or #BringBacktheBees, is a hashtag activism campaign to raise awareness over the rapidly declining bee population -December 2018 : #LaffaireDuSiecle regroups numerous public personnalities and NGO to sue the French Government for not taking any concrete action regarding climatic degradation (go sign the petition at laffairedusiecle.net by the way) Vocabulary : wildlife : la faune et la flore a species : une espèce a fertilizer : un engrais a weed-killer : une herbicide a pesticide:un pesticide crop yield : rendement des cultures a dairy farm : une exploitation laitière factory farming : l'élevage industriel overproduction : la surproduction a shortage : une pénurie battery farming : l'élevage en batteries genetic engineering : les manipulations génétiques a breed : une race bioethics : la bioéthique a risk assesment test : un test de dangerosité to carry out an experiment : faire une expérience animal abuse : la maltraitance des animaux fair trade : commerce équitable a small-scale grower : un petit producteur to cut overpackaging : réduire les emballages to jeopardize : mettre en danger cattle : bétail offspring : la progéniture shale gas : gaz de schiste NGO : ONG

To what extent will the overexploitation of natural resources doom us all ? Deforestation is one of the numerous sectors concerning overexploitation of natural resources. Indeed in 20 years the surface of trees which have disappeared could be compared to four times the surface of Italy. This act jeopardizes the wildlife in these forests. The countries where this phenomenon is obvious are : - in Brazil the tropical forest of Amazonia is being cut down and burnt for cattle rearing and soybeans crops which use fertiliser and make the soil infertile. - in Central Africa for the trade of wood - in Indonesia for palm oil crops. … Some natural resources are threatened by the matter of overexploitation. Animals are classified as renewal resources because they can produce offspring to replace adult animals and there is an need of these resources all over the world for food or clothes. Overpopulation is the most significant threat that animals are facing. The world's population is increasing at a phenomenal rate. Endangered species are species hunted more than they can reproduce. There are also sea foods in these endangered species category. Overexploitation and pollution are wiping them out. Bigger fishing companies are going deeper into sea to catch fish in even larger quantities. In addition they are using a lot of fishing methods which are not sustainable destroying much more fish and sea creatures in the process. Some resources such as petrol are being replaced by the extraction of shale gas. However there are some potential environmental issues associated with the production of shale gas. Shale gas refers to nature gas that is trapped in shale formations. It is extracted by fracking (pumping water, sand and chemicals into the rocks) This resource raises many debates on whether or not shale gas should be exploited. In one hand, it constitutes a resource that could keep energy affordable and guarantee an economic prosperity. In the other hand sceptics claim that shale gas extraction is linked to water pollution a vital resource to all humans, animal and plants. Intensive farming is designed to optimize the yield of food’s production. This type of farm appeared after the industrialisation and to do so, farmers usually build enormous facilities and use a lot of inputs. Those inputs as fertilisers or pesticides can have an enormous impact on the environment. Moreover, those huge farms generally only raise one type of animal breed or one type of culture only which creates a huge decrease of biodiversity. Those types of structures need a lot of equipment, which are using a lot of energy so, intensive farming are much more polluting than others farms. So, this new way of production is going to doom us.