• GENDER ‐ either masculine or feminine • NUMBER ‐ either singular or plural
What is gender? ‐ French In French, we only have two genders: • Masculine • Feminine
ALL FRENCH NOUNS HAVE A GENDER!!!!!!!
In English, we have three genders: • Masculine • Feminine • Neutral • Example: Did Mark give Ashley the book? Yes, HE gave IT to HER.
How to determine gender • Nouns that refer to males are masculine and to females are feminine. – ex: un homme; une femme • Some feminine nouns are formed by adding "e" to the masculine noun – ex: un étudiant ‐‐ une étudiante
How to determine gender
Articles
• Some nouns have the same form for both the masculine and feminine
An article is a word placed before the noun to show whether the noun refers to a SPECIFIC or NONSPECIFIC person, animal, place, thing or idea.
– ex: un élève; une élève • Often there is no way to determine the gender of words and must be memorized – ex: un sandwich; une quiche
In both English and French there are TWO types of articles: DEFINITE and INDEFINITE. However in French, articles must match the same NUMBER and GENDER of the noun. This is called
AGREEMENT.
Gender & Articles
Indefinite Articles
• INDEFINITE articles are used with nouns to indicate NON‐SPECIFIC persons, places or things ‐ "A", "AN", "SOME" > There is A boy. / There are SOME boys. > I ate AN apple. / I ate SOME apples.
Indefinite Articles These can mean "A" or "AN": • Masculine singular: UN – UN garçon, UN copain • Feminine singular: UNE – UNE fille, UNE copine
Indefinite Articles This mean "SOME": • All Plural nouns: DES – DES classes, DES élèves
Definite Articles
• DEFINITE articles are used with nouns to indicate SPECIFIC persons, places or things. In English ‐ "THE" > THE boy is tall. > I ate THE apples that were on the table.
*You often CANNOT determine gender when the noun is plural*
Definite Articles
Definite Articles
These all mean "THE":
These all mean "THE":
• Masculine singular: LE – LE garçon, LE copain • Feminine singular: LA – LA fille, LA copine
• Singular (before a vowel): L' – L'école, L'homme • Plural (masculine/feminine): LES – LES classes, LES élèves
Gender & Articles
3 simple questions to determine which article to use:
1. Is it plural? Yes ‐ LES / DES 2. Does it start with a vowel? Yes ‐ L' (only definite) 3. Is it masculine or feminine? Masculine ‐ LE / UN, Feminine ‐ LA / UNE
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We do not use âaâ and âanâ before plural nouns, uncountable nouns or abstract nouns. Examples: Beauty lies in the eye of the beholder. (NOT â A beautyâ¦).
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