Les partis politiques en Grande-Bretagne - ANGLAIS CPGE

The Whig Party carried by the trading classes wanted an industrial and commercial development, a religious toleration and a strong foreign policy. The Tory ...
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ANGLAIS CPGE - M.Delaby

Fiches culturelles

CHAPITRE 45

Les partis politiques en Grande-Bretagne After the revolution of Cromwell two political parties were born: the court party was to become the Tory Party which supported the Anglican Church and the country party that would become the Whig Party in favour of the Parliament.

Leaders of Party : -The Whig Party: Sir Robert Walpole first PM ; William Pitt the Elder -The Tory/Conservative Party : Benjamin Disraeli; Duke of Wellington; William Pitt the Younger ; Margaret Thatcher; David Cameron -The Labour Party : Tony Blair -The Liberal Party : William Gladstone

The Whig Party carried by the trading classes wanted an industrial and commercial development, a religious toleration and a strong foreign policy. The Tory Party supported by the king and the Church of England has deleted corn Laws, given the right to vote at most people and abolished slavery in colonies. After 1867 and the second reform act some people of Whig and Tory parties formed the Liberal Party. The Tory Party has dominated politics from 1886 to 1905 and formed a coalition with the Liberal Party from 1915 to 1922. The figurehead of the Conservative Party is obviously Margaret Thatcher. She won the elections on 1979, 1983 and 1987 .She wanted a free-market economy, fight the power of the trade unions and reduce public regulations, protect the British interests around the world, negotiate in Brussels with the CEE. She also privatized nationalized industries , favoured an alliance with the USA and increased the military budget. The Labour Party which has supported Churchill during WW2 promoted the creation of NATO, NHS and the nationalization of the Bank of England and key industries ( iron, steel, coal...). In May 1997 Tony Blair won with a large majority the elections. He created one million jobs, a National Minimum Wage, smaller classes in primary schools and the bigger investment in the NHS. The Liberal Party constituted by Whigs Peelites and radicals instituted a progressive income tax and parliamentary accountability for government spending.

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