The The government government of of the the SOCIALIST SOCIALIST REPUBLIC REPUBLIC OF OF VIETNAM VIETNAM HO ’S COMMITTEE HO CHI CHI MINH MINH CITY CITY PEOPLE PEOPLE’S COMMITTEE
TUNNEL
JAPAN Official Development Assistance
1
TUNNEL Sub-Sector (Civil) IMAGE IMAGE OF OF TUNNEL TUNNEL ENTRANCE ENTRANCE
2
Traffic in Tunnel (Immersed Section)
3
PROFILE OF THE TUNNEL
4
FLOW CHART OF BASIC DESIGN FOR IMMERSED TUNNEL What are the Concept?
Sound Structure
Functional Structure
Aesthetic Structure
Structural Safety
Useful for traffic Safety for Emergency Ventilation and Lighting
Landscape of Tunnel Entrance View of Inner Space
Which is Better?
How to Construct?
Where is the most likely?
Tunnel Cross Section
RC Type Unit at Casting Basin
Just on the Alignment
Hybrid type Unit with Floating Fabrication
Other than Site
5
COMPARISON OF IMMERESED TUNNEL CROSS SECTIONS BASIC PLAN
ALTERNATIVE PLAN
Characteristics of Cross Section Traffic Safety
500 500
EMERGENCY WAY
500 750 10500 INSPECTION WAY
• 2m wide Emergency pathway is provided on the both sides. • Vehicles ducts width is 12.25m.
TUNNEL FACILITY
4700
DRIVEWAY
9050
32.50 31500
4700
DRIVEWAY EMERGENCY WAY 750 500 10500 INSPECTION WAY 4700
Cross Section
9050
33.50 32500
750 500 10500 INSPECTION WAY
DRIVEWAY
DRIVEWAY EMERGENCY 500 WAY 500
4700
ITEM
TUNNEL FACILITY
10500 500 750 INSPECTION WAY
• 2m wide Emergency pathway is provided on the center of cross section. • Same as the left. • Same as the left.
• The vehicle duct width is enough for motorcycles.
* Good.
* Good.
Serviceability in • Serviceability in the traffic accident, fire accident and • Serviceability is inferior to the Basic Plan for walking pass maintenance work is good for emergency pass-way duct an Emergency is narrow long and complicated. are on the both sides and enough width. and * Good. Maintenance * Good. Construction Cost of Immersed Tunnel Others
• 74.04 MUS$ (include casting basin) 100%.
• 71.8 MU$ (include casting basin) 97% * Good.
* Good.
• This cross section was agreed by the Prime Minister of Vietnam in 5 July, 2000. * Good.
Total Evaluation
• Serviceability of emergency pass-way is higher than Alternative. • This cross section was agreed by the Prime Minister.
• Alternative is inferior to the Basic Plan.
6
STRUCTURE TYPES OF IMMERSED TUNNEL TYPE-1:
TYPE-3:
Reinfored Concrete Structure Construction at a Casting Basin
Steel-Concrete Composite Structure (Open Sandwich) Construction at a DRY DOCK OR FLOATING CONDITION
RC Member
Open Sandwiich Member
RC Member
Skin Plate as a From & Water Proof
Main Reinforcement Bar Normal Concrete
Stirrup
Main Reinforcement Bar Stirrup
Stiffner Normal Concrete
Steel Plate
Fabricate Full Steel Shell at the Dock or the Works Steel Shell can be towed as build Casting Concrete in the Dock or Casting Basin TYPE-2:
Reinfored Concrete Structure With Steel Shell Casting Concrete at DRY DOCK YARD
RC Member
TYPE-4:
Steel-Concrete Composite Structure (Full Sandwich) Casting Concrete at a DRY DOCK or Floating Condition
Full Sandwich Member
Skin Plate as a From & Water Proof
Skin Plate as a From & Water Proof Skin Plate
Main Reinforcement Bar Normal Concrete
Stirrup
Shear Reinforcing Plate
High Fluidy Concrete Stiffner
Steel Plate (t=10mm)
Fabricate Full Steel Shell AND PLACING CONCRETE at the Dock
Filling High Fludity Concrete up to Double Steel Hull No Reinforced Bars Fabricate Full Steel Shell at the Dock Casting Concrete AT DRY DOCK OR FLOATING CONDITION
7
Comparison Comparison of of Structure Structure Type Type for for Immersed Immersed Tunnel Tunnel Structure Type Location for Fabrication of Steel Shell Location for Concrete Placing Kinds of Concrete and Placing
Type-1 Reinforced Concrete
Type-4 Full Sandwich
• Dry dock yard
• Same as the left
• Same as the left
• Casting Basin
• Dry Dock
• Same as the left
• Same as the left
• Normal concrete. • No Problem
• Normal concrete. • Difficult for Floating Condition
• Normal Concrete • Same as the left
Fair • Much (steel)
Fair • Same as the left
• Need for CorrosionProtect of Steel Plate 36 months US$81.4 M (110%)
• Same as the left
• Super plasticizer concrete • Same as the left • High concrete technology are needed. Fair • Much (steel, cement) Not Good • Same as the left
36months US$81.4 M (110%)
35 months ------
----------
US$78.4 M (106%)
US$84.87 M (120%)
• Not much • Simple.
Maitenance 38 months Construction Period Construction Cost US$74.0 M (100%) Good. Construction Cost --------(Floating)
Total Evaluation
Type-3 Open Sandwich
• Non-need
Good
Imported Materials
Type-2 Steel Shell
Good. • Construction cost is the lowest • RC has many construction cases.
• Construction period is the shortest. • Super plasticizer concrete needs high technology.
8
Placing PlacingConcrete Concreteat atDry DryDock Dock
Placing Placing Concrete Concrete on on Water Water (Floating (Floating Condition Condition
9
REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE SAIGON RIVER CONSTRUCTION SITE
CASTING BASIN Time Mobilization
2 months
Construction of Casting Basin
10 months Excavation 6 months Bedding Works 4 months
IMMERSED TUNNEL UNIT
Cost Trench Dredging
US$ 16.0 M (US$ 35/m³)
Time
Cost
18 months
US$ 7.8 M (US$ 19/m³)
2.5 months
US$ 21.4 M
6 months
US$ 10.3 M (US$ 36/m³)
SURVEY/ALIGNMENT TOWER
PRIMARY END
SECONDARY END RIVERBED APPROX
CASTING BASIN OR SHIP YARD
Fabrication of Immersed Tunnel Units
10 months Structure 6 months
Subtotal
US$ 37.4 M Outfitting
Outfitting
US$ 21.4 M (US$ 191/m³)
Immersion Navigation traffic control Measurement, Anchor, etc
US$ 3.0 M Back filling
3 months
Towing
US$ 0.5 M
US$ 2.3 M
Inner work
Subtotal
-------
US$ 66.1 M
-------
US$ 7.9 M
TOW BOAT
Overhead (12%)
Total 38 months
IMMERSED TUNNEL UNIT
TOW BOAT
US$ 74.0 M
10
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
1. Fabrication of Immersed Tunnel Unit
2. Dredging of Trench at the Immersed Tunnel Construction Site
3. Towing
TOW BOAT
IMMERSED TUNNEL UNIT
IMMERSED TUNNEL UNIT TOW BOAT
CASTING BASIN OR SHIP YARD
4. Immersion
5. Foundation
6. Backfilling
SURVEY/ALIGNMENT TOWER
PRIMARY END
SECONDARY END
GENERAL BACK FILL
RIVERBED APPROX
PROTECTIVE CONCRETE GENERAL BACK FILL 2 1: 1: 2 CAST IN PIPES
-14.50 1:
2
APPROX EXISTING RIVER BED LEVEL 1:
2
SHEAR KEY
TEMPORARY SUPPORT PAD
SAND JETTED FOUNDATION
LOCKING BACK FILL (GRADED GRAVEL 100-200KG/PIECE)
11
MAIN PROCESSES OF IMMERSED TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION 1. Fabrication of Tunnel Element at Casting Position
2. Towing Element from Casting Basin
3. Towing & Setting Correct Position
4. Immersion & Joining Elements
12
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE OF IMMERSED TUNNEL
1st YEAR ITEM NO.
ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION
-1 1
1
SIGN CONTRACT
2
START ON SITE
3
DESIGN
4
MOBILISATION
5
IMMERSED TUNNEL CONSTRUCT CASTING BASIN CONSTRUCT TUNNEL UNITS
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